Geography Case Study Lithium is key to green technologies. The “Lithium Triangle” of Argentina, Bolivia and Chile, holds most of the world’s lithium reserves. Chinese businesses face allegations of the violation of the rights of local communities, damage to ecosystems and unsafe working conditions. Argentinian lithium miners surrounded their Chinese managers’ compound and blockaded the entrance with flaming tyres. This resource includes a variety of lesson activities to pick and choose: Which Geography keyword is the ODD ONE OUT? 5Ws &1H about Tesla Motors and Elon Musk 5Ws &1H about a photo of lithium salt mounds In which photo would you be most likely to … meet a worker whose health is at risk? Critical Thinking: write THREE sentences to LINK these four images (technology: manufacturing, sales, use, waste) Worksheet and data to construct a dot distribution map of China’s lithium mines around the World PQE: China’s Lithium Mines - worksheet to analyse the dot distribution map using critical thinking (Patterns, Quantify, Exceptions) Several slides for screen projection: encourages class evaluation of the positives vs negatives of dot distribution Slide showing annotated map of Global North vs Global South - encourages analysis of correlation between lithium mining and socio-economic development Link to video: “Argentina indigenous groups protest against lithium mining” Concept Map: The Lithium Triangle (35 snippets of info, to be colour-coded according to Locations, Causes, Effects, Management, Supporting Data) The concept map info can then be used for: Thought Chains: The Lithium Triangle - complete the scaffolding to complete six pieces of analysis… “Chinese firms have been buying lithium mines in South America because…” “The lithium mining industry in South America is SOCIALLY unsustainable because…” “The lithium mining industry in South America is ECONOMICALLY unsustainable because…” “The lithium mining industry in South America is ENVIRONMENTALLY unsustainable because…” “Electric car makers buy Chinese lithium-ion batteries because…” “Electric cars are not yet completely sustainable because…” Geography Web: The Lithium Triangle Pupils link feature and analyse the connections between the Lithium Triangle and China, Argentina’s government, indigenous people, Tesla Motors TEACHERS’ BACKGROUND INFORMATION sheets (x3) with links to relevant articles and original BBC News story

Geography Case Study NEOM is a planned urban development in north-west Saudi Arabia When completed it will cover 26,500 km² which is larger than the whole of Wales Why does Saudi Arabia want to build Neom? Why is the Huwaitat tribe extremely worried? Abdul Rahim al-Hwaiti: terrorist or martyr? This resource includes a variety of lesson activities to pick and choose: Photographic Analysis: The Line (includes worksheet) Which Geography keyword is the odd one out? Which country is the odd one out? Several slides to project and set the scene (locational knowledge, artists’ impressions of the planned districts) Links to videos of the Neom development: ‘Saudi Arabia’s mega project’; ‘“The Line” under construction in Saudi Arabia’; ‘Neom: The dark side’ Question Grid: Neom (Who? What? Where? etc, vs is… did… can… etc) The death of Abdul Rahim al-Hwaiti, a Huwaitat tribesman from the area where the Saudi government wants to build Neom. Abdul posted a video on YouTube saying he did not want money to leave his home. A day later and he was shot dead by the Saudi Army Concept Map: Neom (35 facts, to be colour coded - Locations; Causes; Effects; Management; Supporting Data Illustrated glossary: Neom (Peak Oil; Economic diversification; Population density; Desalination plant) - definitions given, students to draw their understanding Thought Chains: Neom - using knowledge learned so far, students complete boxes (because… and so… Therefore… For example…) to show understanding using scaffolding for higher level answers (eg ‘Saudi Arabia needs to DIVERSIFY its industries…’; ‘The region currently has a POPULATION DENSITY of just 6 people per km²’; ‘Neom is / is not ENVIRONMENTALLY sustainable (‘Planet’)…’) Geo-Trinity: Neom - students show similarities and differences between the Saudi government, Huwaitat tribespeople and foreign tourists ‘Six Hats’: Neom: - de Bono’s critical thinking technique Design a sustainable hotel for Neom - choose five (from twenty-four) features of a sustainable resort, then explain the decision (eg eShuttle buses between the hotel and public transportation hubs; Install ‘smart’ showers that limit their usage to a pre-set time; Stock locally-made Fair Trade hotel souvenirs rather than branded/designer items) Stakeholders conclusion: Neom - students compare different opinions of the development with their own Teachers’ background information: links to websites, including the original BBC News story and the official Neom site

One hour/50 mark test paper based on climate change I will use this at the end of my collection of Powerpoints

A test of Geographical skills and knowledge to assess your new pupils

A decision making exercise which could last a few lessons or be set as a homework project A property developer is looking to build a five star hotel in San Francisco Pupils have to decide on the most sustainable county in the Bay Area Introductory Powerpoint, a project workbook and LOTS of resources are included The completed project/proposal covers: Background to tourism in California The physical hazards threatening San Francisco Explanation for choosing one of the Bay Area counties Sustainability (PPP) of the various sites Reasons for rejecting the others Consideration of how to make the structure safe from earthquakes Space for the pupils to be imaginative and design the resort

Eight page booklet : define weather and climate keywords; map the areas of the World to show general effects of Climate Change; SPAG exercise about rising sea levels; questionnaire to survey attitudes towards Climate Change; Moral dilemma about family holidays abroad; personal responses to some religious quotes about the environment; description of how Climate Change may affect our heritage sites

Eight page booklet : define geological keywords; compile a fact file about a geological time period; a SPAG exercise about British geology; a page to research how humans use clay, limestone, marble and sandstone; a moral dilemma: spend money on repairing a historic cathedral or to look after the poor and homeless; complete a database about some of the World's holy rocks and stones; and finally a page to research questions about the UK's geology

Two part fieldwork/coursework booklet Made with the 2016 GCSE syllabus changes in mind Follows Footsteps to Investigation (Hypothesis; Expected Outcomes; Methodology; Results; Analysis; Conclusion; Evaluation) plus the chance to write a simple risk assessment for the trip Part One: COASTAL investigation to answer the hypothesis "Hornsea needs sea defences" Includes destructive/constructive waves; beach cross section; annotated landscape sketch; tally chart; angle data chart Part Two: ECONOMIC investigation to answer the hypothesis "Tourism is important for Hornsea" Includes: Land use survey; bipolar landscape evaluation; visitor questionnaire; sphere of influence; cumulative frequency graph; bar graph; pie graph; Butler's Model

Each page is set up so there is room to add revision notes. The idea is that each page contains one case study so that exam revision can be condensed and is hopefully generic enough for any school’s chosen case studies. Topics are straight from the AQA syllabus… TECTONIC HAZARDS IN A DEVELOPED COUNTRY TECTONIC HAZARDS IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY TROPICAL STORMS EXTREME WEATHER IN THE UK CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE QUATERNARY PERIOD SMALL SCALE UK ECOSYSTEMS TROPICAL RAINFORESTS HOT DESERTS COLD ENVIRONMENTS COASTAL LANDFORMS IN THE UK COASTAL MANAGEMENT IN THE UK RIVER LANDFORMS IN THE UK FLOOD MANAGEMENT SCHEMES IN THE UK GLACIAL LANDFORMS IN THE UK TOURISM IN A GLACIATED UPLAND AREA OF THE UK A MAJOR CITY IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY IMPROVING QUALITY OF LIFE FOR THE URBAN POOR A MAJOR CITY IN THE UK AN URBAN REGENERATION PROJECT GROWTH OF TOURISM IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES RAPID ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT (Parts One & Two) SUSTAINABLE INDUSTRY IN THE UK A LARGE-SCALE AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT SUSTAINABLE FOOD AND WATER IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES A LARGE-SCALE WATER TRANSFER SCHEME EXTRACTION OF FOSSIL FUELS RENEWABLE ENERGY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES GEOGRAPHICAL APPLICATIONS: PHYSICAL FIELDWORK GEOGRAPHICAL APPLICATIONS: HUMAN FIELDWORK GLOSSARY OF KEY GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS IN THE AQA SYLLABUS

Eight page booklet : define coastal keywords; complete a fact file about a seaside resort; SPAG exercise about Holderness erosion; annotate a map to show human uses of the Humber region; family dilemma about using fossil fuels; write a poem based on a beautiful coastal scene; explain how transport changes have affected holiday habits over time

Powerpoint and worksheets using the UK as a Case Study of drought in a developed country. Completion of a climate graph. Differentiated exam-style questions. Comparisons of human and physical maps and data. Sustainability of four drought management methods used in the UK.

Powerpoint covering headlands and bays along the destructive Holderness coast Starter: use maps to locate Flamborough Head Main activities: sketch bird's eye view diagrams showing before and after erosion has affected a discordant coastline. Followed by a differentiated question: 1-3: How do headlands and bays form? 4-6: What role have chalk and boulder clay played in the formation of Flamborough Head? 7-9: What is wave refraction and how has it affected the Flamborough landscape? Second part gets pupils to annotate a diagram to show the sequence of cave-arch-stack formation using a series of mixed-up pieces of info (so can be done as a card sort or a mystery). Class then feeds back verbally by responding to a series of images and questions Third part: pupils work together to find advantages and disadvantages of headlands and bays using clues from a large scale OS map Plenary: pupils recap learning by describing and explaining features seen in a photo of the chalk at Flamborough

Powerpoint looking at erosion and transportation along Holderness Starter: the properties of powerful waves, including fetch Main activities: map work to measure the fetch from Holderness to various coasts of the North Sea. Then radar diagrams are introduced, using a wind rose as an example followed by the pupils constructing a radar to show dominant wave patterns. Then the link between the UK's SW prevailing wind and how it causes NNE dominant waves. Differentiated question... 1-3: What makes a sea wave powerful? 4-6: Explain why North Sea waves can be powerful and damaging 7-9: Refer to data which suggests that Holderness is threatened by powerful waves Second part gets pupils to draw and label diagrams to compare the features of constructive and destructive waves. They are then asked to assess photos of Holderness to decide which type of wave is affecting that coastline. Third part looks at the properties of boulder clay and why that soft geology is a problem. Differentiated question: 1-3: Why are the caravan owners worried about the erosion of the cliffs at Hornsea? 4-6: Explain why erosion of the boulder clay is a problem for Holderness 7-9: Explain why the erosion of boulder clay is an economic problem for Holderness businesses Plenary: pupils are asked to show how they think a typical wave moves, then are shown an animation that describes the circular motion of real wave patterns

40 mark SDME assessment in the form of a Powerpoint with associated resources Background: Why does Holderness suffer from severe coastal erosion? What are the advantages and disadvantages of halting erosion? Options: Why has hard engineering used to defend Hornsea? Why is soft engineering gaining popularity? Decision: Do nothing, retreat the line, hold the line or advance the line

A recap of previous learning, covering contrasts in development between places, development indicators and graph analysis. Aimed at GCSE, KS4, Years 10 and 11. Contains a starter, several activities and a plenary.

Powerpoint and worksheets explaining the Enhanced Greenhouse Effect Starter is an odd-one-out quiz of various human activities which affect climate Students draw a pie chart showing sources of greenhouse gases from human activities then memorise and sketch the Enhanced Greenhouse Effect The main work involves constructing a mind map of the effects caused by major greenhouse pollutants (carbon dioxide, water vapour, nitrous oxide, methane and halocarbons) Differentiated questions: 1-3: How does (a) industry and (b) farming make climate change worse? 4-6: How do humans add to the Greenhouse Effect and climate change? 7-9: Using named chemical compounds, explain how human actions increase the rate of climate change Plenary: affects of contrails on the short-term weather Enough for two lessons

A glaciated environment at a local scale- The Helvellyn area of the English Lake District A contrasting glaciated landscape from beyond the UK- The Athabasca Glacier A contrasting glaciated landscape from beyond the UK- The Sápmi region of tundra, northern Europe Colour coded: green statistics; yellow definitions; blue dates

Covers some of the main coastal topics from the OCR B syllabus

A powerpoint covering the rise of the British Empire, the effects of colonialism on the development of Europe and its legacy in modern-day Africa

Covers some of the main economic development topics from the OCR B syllabus