This is the essay pack for common essay questions in CIE Economics (9708) Paper. This packet includes 15 ‘CIE style’ model essays that you can use to help you to improve your essay writing. I first developed resources like this years ago and realized how helpful it could be for students around the globe. There are common themes that are examined in a variety of ways. I’m confident that studying these essays will help you prepare very well for Paper 2 ,12 markers. I hope this pack helps you reach your goals, happy studying! As always, feedback,comments and concerns are welcome pmasoes@gmail.com. Table of contents Microeconomics Essays Evaluate the view that government price controls are effective at achieving their intended outcomes. [ 8-12 marks] Discuss the view that specialization is always to the advantage of an economy. [ 8-12 marks] Discuss the view that market economies allocate resources more efficiently than planned economies. [8-12] Discuss whether the government should subsidize the consumption of merit goods such as healthcare. [8-12] Discuss the implications of price elasticity of demand estimates to businesses. [8-12] Discuss the view that raising the national minimum wage will make all workers better off. [8-12] Discuss whether an indirect tax is the most effective method a government can use to correct the market failure that arises from the consumption of cigarettes. [8 - 12] Macroeconomics Essays Discuss the extent to which inflation will likely move a current account balance towards a deficit. [12] ‘Increasing the interest rate is the most effective way to control inflation.’ To what extent do you agree with this view? [8-12] Evaluate the impact of sharp inflation on the functions of money. [8-12] Discuss the extent to which free trade brings global benefits. [8-12] Discuss the extent to which a rising exchange rate helps or harms an economy. [8-12] ‘Depreciation of a currency always leads to a current account surplus on the balance of payments’. Discuss how far you agree with this statement. [8-12] Discuss the view that all economic growth results in a higher price level. [8-12] Discuss the view that price stability should be the main aim of government. [8-12]

CIE A Level Economics 9708 Essay model answers of Topical Past Paper questions. Unit 7 Price system and the microeconomy.For examination 2026-2028.AO’s are shown. Essay questions(20 Markers)included: 1.Evaluate Whether Marginal Utility Theory Can Fully Explain the Link Between the Changing Price of a Good and Quantity Demanded of That Good. 2.Evaluate the Use of Indifference Curve Analysis to Derive the Demand Curve for a Normal Good and the Demand Curve for an Inferior Good. 3.Discuss Whether a Rational Consumer Will Always Purchase Less of an Item as the Price Increase. 4.Evaluate the Perspective That Privatisation Consistently Enhances the Allocation of Resources Within a Country. 5.Assess the Extent to Which a Government Can Intervene to Correct Market Failure Caused by Negative Externalities in Air Travel. 6.Negative Externalities of Production Cause Market Failure. With the Help of a Diagram, Assess the Extent to Which the Introduction of Indirect Taxation Is Likely to Address This Cause of Market Failure. 7.Negative Externalities of Production Cause Market Failure. With the Help of a Diagram, Assess the Extent to Which the Introduction of Indirect Taxation Is Likely to Address This Cause of Market Failure. 8.The Use of Air Travels Leads to Market Failure Caused by Negative Externalities. With the Help of a Diagram, Assess the Extent to Which a Government Can Intervene to Correct This Market Failure. 9.The Use of Air Travels Leads to Market Failure Caused by Negative Externalities. With the Help of a Diagram, Assess the Extent to Which a Government Can Intervene to Correct This Market Failure. 10.The Use of Air Travels Leads to Market Failure Caused by Negative Externalities. With the Help of a Diagram, Assess the Extent to Which a Government Can Intervene to Correct This Market Failure. 11.Evaluate the Consequences for the Price and Output of a Firm if It Changes Its Objective from Profit Maximisation to Sales Maximisation as a Response to the Principal-Agent Problem. 12.Evaluate the Consequences for the Price and Output of a Firm if It Changes Its Objective from Profit Maximisation to Sales Maximisation as a Response to the Principal-Agent Problem. 13.Assess the View That When This Occurs, Price Discrimination Will Always Benefit the Producer at the Expense of the Consumer and Society. 14. An Increase in a Government’s Budget Surplus Will Increase Unemployment in the Short Run but It Will Make It Easier to Control a Balance of Payments Deficit on the Current Account in the Long Run. Evaluate This Statement. 15. To What Extent Do You Agree That an Increase in Productivity Will Lead to a Higher Standard of Living in Low-Income Countries?

Cambridge A Level Economics 9708 Essay Pack with model answers of topical past paper questions.Unit 10 Government macroeconomic intervention.For examination 2026-2028. Essay topics(20 markers) 1.In 2022, many countries experienced a high rate of inflation caused by disruptions to the supply of goods and services arising from the Covid-19 pandemic and the conflict between Russia and Ukraine. In one country, the government cut taxes and the central bank raised interest rates. Evaluate the likely impact of these policies on that government’s ability to control inflation. 2.With the help of a diagram, assess the effectiveness of government policies which might be used to reduce cost-push inflation. 3.Discuss whether a government can achieve all its key macroeconomic aims simultaneously. 4.Discuss whether monetary policy alone is sufficient for a government to achieve its macroeconomic aims simultaneously.

Cambridge A Level Economics 9708 Essay Pack with model answers of topical Past Paper.Unit 8 Government microeconomic intervention.For examinations 2026-2028. Unit 8 Essay topics(20 markers) : 1.Evaluate the View That Privatisation Will Always Improve the Allocation of Resources in a Country 2.Evaluate, With the Aid of a Diagram(s), the Meaning of Market Failure and Two Policies a Government May Use to Correct Market Failure. 3.Assess the Effectiveness of a Government’s Intervention in the Price Mechanism to Address the Causes of Climate Change. 4.Discuss Whether Knowledge of Price Elasticity of Demand or Income Elasticity of Demand Would Be of Greater Use to a Business That Produces Cars. 5.Pollution is caused when consumers or producers make decisions based on self-interest. This is a sign of market failure. Evaluate the Extent to Which Government Policies Should Rely Upon Market Forces to Address This Market Failure 6.Wages in a perfectly competitive labour market will always be higher than wages in a monopsony labour market. With the help of a diagram, evaluate this statement

Cambridge A Level Economics 9708 Essay Pack of model answers of topical past paper questions .Unit 9 The Macroeconomy.For examination 2026-2028. Essay topics(20 Markers). 1.Between 2010 and 2020, very low interest rates encouraged low-income countries to borrow money from foreign investors and governments to finance long-term economic growth. Evaluate this approach to promoting long-term economic growth. 2.In many countries increased government spending is regarded as a cause of economic growth. It is sensible, therefore, for a government to spend more to increase economic growth as it is good for its country. To what extent do you agree with this argument. 3.With the help of a diagram, assess the effectiveness of using fiscal policy to close a negative output gap in an economy .

Cambridge A Level Economics 9708 Essay Pack .Unit 11 International economic issues. Essay topics(20 markers). 1.Expenditure reducing policies will reduce a balance of payments deficit but will also cause significant unemployment. Evaluate this statement . 2.Consider the relative merits of gross national income (GNI) and the multidimensional poverty index (MPI) as measures of the standard of living. 3. Assess the impact of international aid on the standard of living in low-income countries. 4. Some high-income countries have introduced a policy of high tariffs on some imports to reduce the negative effects of globalisation on their economies. With the help of a diagram, evaluate this policy. 5.In recent years many countries have joined or established a free trade area (FTA). Evaluate, with the help of a diagram(s), whether membership of an FTA is always beneficial to a country. 6.Evaluate the likely impact of globalisation on a low-income country’s standard of living. 7.Globalisation will help to achieve economic growth in high-income economies and this will automatically improve living standards.Evaluate this statement. 8.The presence of multinational corporations (MNCs) in a low-income country always promotes economic growth in that country. Evaluate this statement. 9.To what extent do you agree with the view that globalisation benefits high-income countries at the expense of low-income countries.

CIE Economics 9708 Model Essays Package Unit 2 Price system and the microeconomy.For examination in 2026-2028 I’m confident that studying these essays will help you prepare very well for Paper 2. I hope this pack helps you reach your goals, happy studying! As always, feedback, comments and concerns are welcome UNIT 2: ESSAYS: 12 Markers: With the help of a demand and supply diagram, explain how the introduction of an indirect tax affects equilibrium in a market and consider the extent to which the incidence of the tax will fall on the consumer. Explain why the provision of bus and local rail (mass transit) services in cities is classified as a private good not a public good and consider why such services might only be provided by the private sector. Explain why a government might decide to increase its direct provision of essential goods and services and consider whether such a policy is always likely to be successful. 8 Markers: With the help of a formula, explain the meaning of income elasticity of demand and consider the extent to which a rise in income will increase the consumption of all goods and services With the help of a formula, explain what is meant by the term price elasticity of demand for a product and consider the extent to which it allows an entrepreneur to determine the effect of price changes on the total expenditure on their product. Explain two factors that will determine the price elasticity of demand for a particular brand of car and how this price elasticity of demand may change over time. With the help of diagrams, use the concept of income elasticity of demand to explain the impact of a fall in incomes on the equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity of a normal good and an inferior good. With the help of diagrams, explain the difference between a cause of movement along the demand curve and a shift in the demand curve. Consider the impact of a change in demand of one good due to the change in price of another good. Explain the determinants of supply for an agricultural product, such as rice, and consider which of these determinants is likely to be of the greatest significance at the present time. From 2030, most new car production in the United Kingdom (UK) will be of electric cars. Excluding the price of electric cars, explain the determinants of demand for electric cars and consider which of these determinants is likely to be of greatest significance at the present time. Explain how equilibrium position is set in the market and which factors are most important to affect it. Explain the functions of price in resource allocation and consider the importance of these functions in relation to the potential effectiveness of a market economy.

CIE 9708 Economics AS Level Essay package(Model answers) Unit 3 :Government microeconomic intervention.For examination 2026-2028. I’m confident that studying these essays will help you prepare very well for Paper 2. I hope this pack helps you reach your goals, happy studying! As always, feedback, comments and concerns are welcome UNIT 3: ESSAYS: 12 MARKERS Assess Whether the Expected Benefits of Providing Healthcare Services Free of Charge at the Point of Use Exceed the Likely Costs. Assess Whether Fixing a Minimum Price Is Likely to Be the Best Policy to Reduce the Consumption of a Demerit Good Assess Whether Bus and Local Rail Systems in Cities Should Receive Substantial Subsidies from Governments. Assess Whether the Use of a Maximum Price Is Always Advantageous. Assess Whether the Introduction of a Minimum Price in a Market Can Be Justified. Assess Whether Maximum Price or Transfer Payments Are More Effective to Reduce the Price of Food Items 8 MARKERS With the help of a demand and supply diagram, explain how the introduction of an indirect tax affects equilibrium in a market and consider the extent to which the incidence of the tax will fall on the consumer. : Explain why the provision of bus and local rail (mass transit) services in cities is classified as a private good not a public good and consider why such services might only be provided by the private sector. Explain why a government might decide to increase its direct provision of essential goods and services and consider whether such a policy is always likely to be successful.

CIE Economics 9708 AS level Essays with model answers from past papers 2023-present Unit 4: Economic growth.For examination 2026-2028. I’m confident that studying these essays will help you prepare very well for Paper 2. I hope this pack helps you reach your goals, happy studying! As always, feedback, comments and concerns are welcome UNIT 4: ESSAYS: 12 MARKERS Assess whether economic growth is always desirable for an economy. Assess whether increases in aggregate demand are the best way of reducing unemployment in a high-income country 8 MARKERS Explain what is meant by aggregate supply and explain one reason why the aggregate supply curve of an economy would shift outwards in (i) the short run, and (ii) the long run. Explain three of the components of aggregate demand and consider the extent to which they may be increased without leading to inflation With the help of a diagram, explain what is meant by the circular flow of income in an open economy and consider the extent to which it can explain economic growth in such an economy Explain the circular flow of income in a closed economy and consider the extent to which the circular flow of income changes as an economy becomes an open economy. With the help of a diagram, explain how increases in aggregate demand affect the level of real output and the price level in an economy and consider when such increases may become a problem. Explain two possible causes of economic growth and consider whether the consequences of economic growth for an economy will always be positive. Explain three causes of unemployment and consider which cause is likely to be most damaging to a high-income economy With reference to a country that is known to you, explain the main causes of unemployment and consider which of these causes is most significant. In 2021, year-on-year inflation in many economies increased to a level not experienced for fifty years. With the help of a diagram, explain what is meant by cost-push inflation and consider whether this type of inflation has affected your own economy since 2021. With the help of a diagram, explain one reason for an increase in aggregate demand and one reason for an increase in aggregate supply and consider whether an increase in aggregate demand will always lead to inflation. Explain causes of inflation. Consider whether depreciation of a country’s currency that has less natural resources is more likely to face demand-pull inflation. Explain the difference between cost-push inflation and demand-pull inflation.

CIE Economics 9708 AS Level Essays package with Model answers from past papers for examinations 2026-2028. Unit 5:Govenment macroeconomy intervention. I’m confident that studying these essays will help you prepare very well for Paper 2. I hope this pack helps you reach your goals, happy studying! As always, feedback, comments and concerns are welcome UNIT 5: ESSAYS 12 MARKERS Assess whether a government should always aim for an expansionary fiscal policy rather than a contractionary fiscal policy. Assess the extent to which it would be possible to achieve this by fiscal policy alone Discuss the ways in which fiscal policy can be used to increase the aggregate supply of products in an economy and consider whether this approach is likely to be effective. Discuss the view that direct taxes are the fairest and the most effective way for governments to raise revenue. Assess which expansionary macroeconomic policy would be most likely to enable a government to meet its economic objective of a low rate of unemployment. Discuss whether an expansionary monetary policy will be successful in correcting deflation Discuss whether a contractionary monetary policy is the best way to reduce the rate of inflation Discuss whether a government should use monetary policy or fiscal policy to solve the problem of deflation in an economy Discuss whether a substantial rise in interest rates is the best way of correcting this increased rate of inflation Assess whether supply-side policy is likely to be equally successful in reducing both structural and cyclical unemployment Assess whether supply-side policy is the most effective way to achieve long-run economic growth . Assess whether supply-side policy is the only way of reducing long-term unemployment in an economy. . Assess whether supply-side policies are the most effective way to correct a deficit on the current account of the balance of payments of an economy Discuss whether supply-side policies will be successful in increasing the quantity and quality of the factor enterprise in a modern economy. 8 MARKERS . Explain the reasons why governments impose taxes and consider whether an increase in income tax is fairer than an increase in sales taxes Explain the difference between a progressive direct tax and a regressive indirect tax, with an example of each. “A government embarks on a supply-side policy involving substantial additional funding for new road schemes and for new training schemes designed to raise labour productivity.” Use an AD/AS diagram to explain the effects of this funding on the level of output in the economy. Discuss the view that direct taxes are the fairest and the most effective way for governments to raise revenue.

Essay pack for CIE Economics 9708 AS Level Unit 1 Basic Economic ideas and resource allocation .8 and 12 markers essay model answers from Past paper questions. Questions included:

CIE Economics 9708 AS Level Essay package with model answers for past paper questions.Unit 6 International economic issues.For examination 2026-2028.

Question: Evaluate the use of Indifference curve analysis to derive the demand curve for a Normal Good and the demand curve for an Inferior Good. [20]

FREE SAMPLE: This is the essay pack for common essay questions in CIE Economics (9708) Paper. This packet includes 15 ‘CIE style’ model essays that you can use to help you to improve your essay writing. I first developed resources like this years ago and realized how helpful it could be for students around the globe. There are common themes that are examined in a variety of ways. I’m confident that studying these essays will help you prepare very well for Paper 2. I hope this pack helps you reach your goals, happy studying! As always, feedback,comments and concerns are welcome @pmasoes@gmail.com. Microeconomics 1.Evaluate the View that Government Price Controls are Effective at Achieving Their Intended Outcomes

CIE Economics 9708 AS Level.Complete syllabus Essay package with model answers for examinations 2026 to 2028.