High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is a method able to separate non-volatile, thermally unstable, and polar components separate or in a mixture.

Fibroblasts, the most common mammalian connective tissue cells, are specialized for the secretion of collagenous extracellular matrix and are jointly responsible for the architectural framework of the body. A fibroblast cell plays a critical role in wound healing. When a tissue is injured, the fibroblasts nearby proliferate, migrate into the wound, and produce large amounts of collagenous matrix, which helps to isolate and repair the damaged tissue.

Peptide Mass Fingerprinting (PMF) is an analytical technique for identifying unknown protein. Proteins to be identified is first digested into peptides, whose absolute mass can be accurately analyzed by a mass spectrometer, such as MALDI-TOF or ESI-TOF. MALDI is more preferred in PMF analysis, as it has a wide sequence coverage and can analyze a large amount of sample at the same time. The peptide mass are compared to database containing the theoretical peptide masses of all known protein sequences. The match with the highest score was considered to be the identity of the unknown protein.

Urethral cells are isolated from the urinary bladder, in which, the most frequently-used cell type is urothelial cell.