CAIE A-Level Business Topic 1 Business Activity Mind maps include: Added value Business planning Business success and failure Business objectives Changes in business objectives CSR and the triple bottom line Dynamic business environment Economic activity Economic sectors Entrepreneurial challenges Entrepreneurial skills Intrapraneurship Factors of production Financial objectives Non-financial objectives Franchise and cooperatives Organic growth Inorganic growth Local, national, international, MNC Ltd and Plc Measurement of a business Nature of a business Private and public sectors Small businesses, pros and cons Role of small business SMART objectives Social enterprise Sole trader and partnership Stages in decision-making Stakeholders Takeover and mergers

CAIE A-Level Business Topic 2 Human Resources Management Mind maps include: Role of HRM Workforce planning Employment contracts Recruitment and selection Redundancy and dismissal Morale and welfare Training Workforce relations Motivation and leadership Human needs Motivation theories Financial methods of motivation Non-financial methods of motivation Fayol and Mintzberg Leadership styles Managers and management

CAIE A-Level Business Topic 6 Business Activity Mind maps include: Political Economic Social Technological Legal Environmental Government roles in the economy Impact of macroeconomics on business Key macroeconomic goals Macroeconomic tools Market failure Community and pressure groups needs CSR Demographic changes Competitors and suppliers International trade and MNC International Environmental audit Sustainability Ansoff’s matrix Blue ocean strategy Business strategy Core competencies framework Decision trees Elements of strategic management Forcefield analysis PESTLE analysis Porter’s five forces Scenario planning SWOT analysis Contingency planning Corporate planning Transformational leadership

CAIE A-Level Business Topic 7 Human Resource Management Mind maps include: Organisational structures Formal structure Types of structure Delegation and accountability Control, authority and trust Centralised and decentralised Line and staff Business communication Communication methods Essential communication Informal communication Communication barriers Leadership Leadership traits Emotional intelliegence AI and HRM Employee performance Hard and soft HRM Management by objectives MBO Types of employment

CAIE A-Level Business Topic 8 Marketing Mind maps include: Elasticity New product development Sales forecasting Marketing strategy Approaches to marketing strategy IT and AI International marketing PAG global PEG global Strategy

CAIE A-Level Business Topic 9 Operations Management Mind maps include: Benchmarking Location Economies of scale Internal and external economies of scale Diseconomies of scale JIC JIT Quality TQM IT and AI Kaizen Lean production Critical Path Analysis

CAIE A-Level Business Topic 3 Marketing Mind maps include: Above the line Below the line Boston matrix Customer Relationship Marketing Diverse markets Factors influencing demand Factors influencing supply Importance of marketing Market research Market segmentation Market share and market growth Marketing strategies Product and market orientation Product life cycle Type of products Types of markets Product Price Place Promotion

CAIE A-Level Business Topic 4 Operations Management Mind maps include: Added value Batch production Capacity utilisation Capital intensive production Efficiency and effectiveness Factors of production Improving capacity utilisation Inventory JIT JIC Job production Labour intensive production Labour productivity Mass customisation Mass production Outsourcing Production challenges Productivity and sustainability Transformational process

CAIE A-Level Business Topic 5 Finance and Accounting Mind maps include: The need for business finance Working capital Ownership and sources of finance Internal sources of finance External sources of finance Factors affecting the sources of finance Cost information Approaches to costing Uses of cost information Break-even analysis Meaning and purpose of budgets Variances

CAIE A-Level Business Topic 10 Finance and Accounting Mind maps include: Statement of profit and loss Statement of financial position Inventory Depreciation Liquidity Profitability Financial efficiency Gearing Investment ratios Investment appraisals Accounting data Strategic decision-making

The PowerPoint contains a detailed account of: The need for accurate cost data Different types of costs: fixed, variable, direct and indirect The differences between full and contribution costing The uses and limitations of the full costing method The nature of the technique of contribution costing The difference between contribution and profit The limitations of contribution costing Situations in which contribution costing would be and would not be used Cost information for decision making purposes (average, marginal, total costs) How costs can be used for pricing decisions How costs can be used to monitor and improve business performance, including using cost information to calculate profits Contribution costing as a means to help make special order decisions

The PowerPoint contains a detailed account of: The measurement of performance Benefits and drawbacks from the use of budgets The meaning and use of incremental budgets: flexible and zero budgeting The uses of budgets for measuring performance, allocating resources, controlling and monitoring a business The meaning of adverse variances and favourable variances The calculation and interpretation of variances

This PowerPoint contains a detailed account on: The relationship between the form of business ownership and availability of sources of finance Internal sources of finance: owner’s investment, retained earnings, sale of unwanted assets, sale and leaseback of non-current assets, working capital External sources of finance: share capital, debentures, new partners, venture capital, bank overdrafts, leasing, hire purchase, bank loans, mortgages, debt factoring, trade credit, micro-finance, crowd funding and government grants The factors influencing the choice of sources of finance in a given situation: cost, flexibility, need to retain control, the use to which it is put, level of existing debt The appropriateness of each possible source in a given situation

This PowerPoint contains a detailed account of: Reasons why businesses need finance to start up, to grow and survive The distinction between short- and long-term need for finance The difference between cash and profits Business failure as a consequence of lack of finance, bankruptcy, liquidation and administration The meaning and importance of working capital Managing trade receivables and trade payables The distinction between capital expenditure and revenue expenditure

The PowerPoint contains a detailed account of: The meaning and importance of break-even analysis Calculation and interpretation of break-even level of output, contribution, margin of safety and level of profit (in numeric and graphic form) The uses and limitations of break-even analysis

This PowerPoint contains a detailed account of: The meaning and purpose of cash flow forecasts The interpretation and amendment of simple cash flow forecasts: calculating opening and closing balances Different methods of improving cash flow

This lesson pack contains detailed information and explanations on: Ansoff’ matrix Blue Ocean strategy Boston matrix Core competenices framework Decision trees Forecfield analysis PESTLE Porter’s five forces Product life cycle Scenario planning Stratefic management SWOT

PowerPoint contains: Efficiency Effctiveness Productivity Labour productivity Dicciculties in labour productivity Methods of increasing productivity Importance of sustainability in operations Case study: Primark

A PowerPoint containing Inputs Transformation Outputs Four factors of production Examples

PowerPoint on: Job Batch Mass Mass customisation Benefits/drawbacks