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Prepare a leaf cross-section slide and use a virtual microscope to discover how leaf tissues help a plant absorb light and exchange gases.

What can pupils see inside a leaf that they cannot see from its surface? In this KS3 biology practical, pupils prepare a wet mount, bring a thin leaf section into focus and use visible clues to identify its layers. They then draw what they see and explain how each structure helps the leaf function.

What pupils do

  • Prepare the slide. Add a drop of water, place the thin leaf section in the drop and slowly lower the coverslip at an angle to reduce trapped air bubbles.
  • Focus the microscope. Start with the 4× objective and use coarse focus to sharpen the cell outlines. Centre the specimen before switching to the 10× objective, then use fine focus to see the chloroplasts.
  • Identify the tissues. Look for the flat, transparent cells of the upper epidermis, the tall palisade cells packed with chloroplasts and the irregular spongy mesophyll cells with air spaces between them.
  • Record and explain. Complete an observation table with the name, appearance and function of each part. Use it to label a scientific drawing and explain how light reaches the palisade cells and how gases move through the leaf.

Where it fits in your scheme of work

Use this practical alongside White Rose Science Year 8 Plants for the Adaptations of the leaf lesson. It also supports Exploring Science, including Exploring Science International, and AQA Activate lessons on leaf structure, photosynthesis and gas exchange.

Classroom use

Project the specimen and pause before revealing the labels. Ask pupils to sketch two neighbouring layers and identify each from one visible clue. “The cells are tall and packed with green chloroplasts” gives pupils evidence for identifying the palisade layer and a starting point for explaining its role in photosynthesis.

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A bundle is a package of resources grouped together to teach a particular topic, or a series of lessons, in one place.

Bundle

KS3 and GCSE Science Virtual Labs – Growing Bundle

Explore 16 interactive KS3 biology and chemistry virtual labs with printable worksheets and mark schemes in one growing science bundle. Pupils dissect a stargazer lily, count stomata under a virtual microscope, separate the dyes in ink and use bubbling in test tubes to rank metals by reactivity. Each practical gives pupils something to observe, record and explain. Project a lab for the whole class while pupils work on paper, or let them repeat the investigation independently for revision. **Biology – 5 virtual labs** - **Desert plant adaptations.** Compare a saguaro cactus, an aloe and a violet. Use visible features to explain how plants collect and store water. - **Flower dissection.** Dissect a stargazer lily, examine pollen and open the ovary to find the ovules. - **Leaf cross-section.** Prepare a wet mount, focus the microscope and identify the tissues that help a leaf absorb light and exchange gases. - **Seed dispersal and germination.** Test four dispersal methods, then investigate how water, oxygen and temperature affect germination. - **Stomata and guard cells.** Make impressions of both leaf surfaces, count pores in six microscope fields and compare the mean counts. **Chemistry – 6 virtual labs** - **Dissolving.** Test sugar, salt and sand in water. Use balance readings and particle models to explain where dissolved sugar goes. - **Filtration.** Fold filter paper, separate sand from water and identify the residue and filtrate. - **Evaporation and crystallisation.** Heat a salt solution and compare the crystals that form on warm and frozen slides. - **Simple distillation.** Follow an ethanol and water mixture through boiling and condensation, then measure the distillate collected. - **Paper chromatography.** Separate three inks and use the pattern of spots to identify which contain more than one dye. - **Metal reactivity.** Compare magnesium, zinc, iron and copper in cold water and dilute hydrochloric acid. Test for hydrogen and use observations to build a reactivity series. **Where it fits in your scheme of work** Use the bundle alongside **White Rose Science** for Year 7 separation techniques and Year 8 plants and metal reactivity. For **Exploring Science**, including **Exploring Science International**, and **AQA Activate**, select individual labs when teaching mixtures and separation, reactions of metals, plant reproduction, leaf structure or adaptations. The printable worksheets give pupils a written record of their practical work, and the mark schemes support teacher marking or pupil self-assessment. The growing bundle currently contains all 11 labs listed above.

£15.00

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