The name the Hundred Years’ War has been used by historians since the beginning of the nineteenth century to describe the long conflict that pitted the kings and kingdoms of France and England against each other from 1337 to 1453. Two factors lay at the origin of the conflict: first, the status of the duchy of Guyenne (or Aquitaine)-though it belonged to the kings of England, it remained a fief of the French crown, and the kings of England wanted independent possession; second, as the closest relatives of the last direct Capetian king (Charles IV, who had died in 1328), the kings of England from 1337 claimed the crown of France.

French Revolution, also called Revolution of 1789, revolutionary movement that shook France between 1787 and 1799 and reached its first climax there in 1789—hence the conventional term “Revolution of 1789,” denoting the end of the ancien régime in France and serving also to distinguish that event from the later French revolutions of 1830 and 1848.

In an auction sale slaves would be brought from the pen to stand on a raised platform so they could be seen by the buyers. People could inspect the slaves if they wanted to. The auctioneer would decide a price to start the bidding and whoever gave the highest price won. In a scramble sale all people who wanted to buy a slave would pay the trader an agreed amount of money. The trader would then give them a ticket and all buyers would rush in the pen and grab the slaves they wanted. It was a terrifying ordeal for the slaves.

During the long reign (1558–1603) of Elizabeth I, England emerged as a world power and her presence helped unify the country against foreign enemies. Her reign is often defined in terms of her skillful diplomacy, her action on religious matters, and the defeat of the Spanish Armada, Her reign also saw a brilliant flourishing in the arts.

An assessment with short questions and 1x long PEE style question attached

Up until February 1917, Russia had been ruled over by a ruling family of Tsars (Emperors) for nearly two centuries…… But by 1917, enough ordinary Russians were fed up enough with the Tsar and their way of life to stage not just one but TWO Revolutions in one year

A detailed and informative account of the French Revolution. Ideal for KS3 and KS4.

Information regarding the Treaty of Versailles

Oliver Cromwell was born on 25 April 1599, his father was Robert Cromwell, a modest country gentleman, and his mother was Elizabeth Steward. Oliver spent his childhood in Huntingdon before attending Cambridge University for one year. Cromwell married Elizabeth Bourchier on 22 August 1620, and they went on to have seven children, the most famous being the eldest, Richard (b. 1626). In 1628, he represented a Cambridgeshire borough as a Member of Parliament.

During the Cuban Missile Crisis, leaders of the U.S. and the Soviet Union engaged in a tense, 13-day political and military standoff in October 1962 over the installation of nuclear-armed Soviet missiles on Cuba, just 90 miles from U.S. shores. In a TV address on October 22, 1962, President John F. Kennedy (1917-63) notified Americans about the presence of the missiles, explained his decision to enact a naval blockade around Cuba and made it clear the U.S. was prepared to use military force if necessary to neutralize this perceived threat to national security.

'Under the cover of the WW2, the Nazis tried to kill every Jewish man, woman and child in Europe. For the first time in History, science and technology were not used to improve peoples’ lives but for the mass murder of a whole people. Six million Jews, including 1,500,000 children were murdered: this is called the Holocaust. The Nazis also enslaved and murdered millions of other people because of racism, intolerance and prejudice. Roma and Sinti people (sometimes called Gypsies), people with disabilities, Poles, Soviet prisoners of war, Jehovah’s Witnesses, homosexuals and others were killed in vast numbers. None of this happened very long ago: some of the people involved are still alive today. Nor did it happen very far from where you live. These events occurred in the ‘civilised’ countries of modern Europe. So it was not only the lives of people at the time that were torn apart by the Holocaust, but also our ideas about how human beings treat each other. Because of this the Holocaust is important not only as an event in history but also for how we live our lives today.’   Extract from ‘Torn Apart’ by Imperial War Museum

In some ways the Weimar Republic as a good place to live, at certain times and in some places. For example the constitution guaranteed rights for all people over the age of 18 to have freedom of speech and the right to vote. This was good because all people had a say in the government and the right to live in safety. Furthermore, during the Golden Age Stresemann solved some of the economic problems like hyper-inflation and got the economy going again, industry began to grow, wages went up and people were able to enjoy the new culture opportunities, showing it was a good place to live.