CCSS for PreSchool*/Kindergarten** 3. Write numbers from 0 to 20. Represent a number of objects with a written numeral 0–20 (with 0 representing a count of no objects). *Typical students **Special Needs The objective of these activities is to help students visualize numbers through instruction and sensory/visual interaction using simple, familiar materials with which they interact and use to create tangible representations of numbers using their tactile, visual, and auditory senses. Typical students in pre-school and students with special needs enrolled in Kindergarten will benefit mostly from this hands-on lesson. However, older students with severe developmental disabilities may be able to learn numeration from this activity, as well.

This PBL project-based unit continues where "When We Couldn't Drink the Water," a unit based on the 2014 Toledo Water Crisis, stopped. WWCDTW reflected all that happened in Ohio's fourth largest city the first weekend in August just weeks before the start of the 2014-2015 school year. This project seeks a solution that will prevent a future water crisis like the one in Toledo. Based on scientific principles and concepts, this project involves students in collaborative research, investigation and experimentation to help them understand processes like algal blooming, denitrification, and bioreactors. Students will be emerged in the ongoing struggle for water quality in the Great Lakes , the cycle of denitrifcation, beaver dam-building, and bioreactors designing and construction. Students with advanced scientific skills and/or gifted students will have differentiation, as well as will students with special needs. Assessments are imbedded. There is also a pretest to assess prior knowledge. A Hands-On Biochemistry PBL Project Goal Students will engage in a PBL project to find a way to keep the algal blooms resulting from the nitrogen in agricultural run-off from farms into the Great Lakes in collaboration with other schools, studying the 2014 Toledo Water Crisis and researching, investigating, and experimenting to find solutions that can be shared through a variety of digital formats. Toledo Water Crisis http://voicethread.com/share/7306686

Bullying is a serious problems in schools requiring changes in school climate. This unit provides a proactive approach that helps students connect with and identify their roles in bullying incidents as the one bullied, the one bullying, joiners, or friends of the victim who either speak up or say nothing. Statistics are created by a survey identifying these characteristics anonymously to quantify students' actions in bullying incidents, which could expand to action research comparing students studying the unit with another class that participates in the introductory survey. A video telling the story of a middle-school student's life as a victim of bullying at school provides students in the treatment class with a tragic example of bullying and allows them to look at the sequence of events that led to the bullied child committing suicide to think about where things could have changed if someone had intervened. The unit ends with students agreeing to respect and value others and changing the climate in their classroom. This unit could also be taught at all grade levels in a school district with adjustments made for lower grades and students with special needs to foster change in an entire community's school climate.

This project-based case study of the water crisis in Toledo, Ohio, allows 8th grade students to use a scientific approach to research and writing. Students work in groups after an introduction that includes a flipped classroom study for students (and families) willing to participate. Students will have a better understanding of crisis management/mismanagement and the importance of planning, anticipating problems, and taking proactive measures when there are potential threats.

Standards-based unit focusing on how observing nature has influenced technology development and solve a problem related to natural phenomena. Students are encouraged to create projects to solve a problem in nature or design technology based on their observations of natural phenomena. A number of technologies are used, students are taught how to locate and use online information in inquiry project and/of problem based activities, and embedded performance-based formative assessments, as well as summative assessments of prior and acquired knowledge are included.

Students are asked to study nature after synthesizing information and making inferences comparing and contrasting, completing a study of a website on biomimcry, and choosing a journal with direction in which to record their study of a natural phenomena. Students are assessed with a test on biomimcry and given performance assessments based on their nature journals and a video or audio presentation of their study. The unit ends with students completing an extended KWL chart for guided inqury, reflecting on what they've learned and how to use this information after watching a video of a student-produced reflective tool, and scoring the class, teacher, and peers on participatory and collabrative behavior. Part 1 and Part 2 can be taught separately, but should be taught in succession if taught together. NOTE: I created this unit for a graduate school course and got an A grade. This unit was 20% of my final grade.

Goal: To create interest in/understanding of geography through exploration and mapping Objective: 1. Students will work in pairs to locate pokemon go figures on or within walking distance of school in search of hidden treasure ("gold coins"), following longitudinal/latitudinal clues using compasses to help locate each "gold coin." (for prek-second year students, use alphabetical mathematical problems, riddles, or simple code.) Note: more than one coin tin be placed at each stop according to the "value" of each pokemon character. multiple coins should be placed in individual plastic bags - enough for each pair. perhaps any not claimed tin be awarded to pairs that a. finish first; b. collect the most coins; c. collect the most Pokemon; d. have the highest scores, etc.) 2. Students will retrace their steps and take note (draw, videotape, vocally record, write, etc.) information individually, and as a class create a "thought map" of the area explored as a collaborative enquiry discussion of following: a. area covered from point a (school ) to point b b. (farthest parameter) c. number of steps, feet, yards, fractions of mile, miles, etc. covered 3. Students will also identify visual markers: a. street signs b. other markers (alleys, parks, houses, etc.) 4. Students will measure area after consensus of how it is to be measured, then create map scale - how many feet, yards, miles - and map equivalent: one inch = one mile. 5. Students will individually create treasure map games on Scratch or as Board Match , etc.

Goal: To help students learn how to develop a hypothesis and create an experiment to test it. Ojectives: 1. Students will examine a diagram to try and determine which of 4 cisterns will be filled with water first using pipes that are used to fill them. 2. Based on observation and critical thinking each student will create a hypothesis, then team up with students with the same theory of the problem. 3. Students will work in groups based on their hypotheses to create 3D versions of the drawings to test their hypotheses. 4. Students will discuss their findings with the entire class and share how they came to their conclusion. 5. Students will revise their hypothesis based on the results of their experiments and class discussion. *6. Students will follow up the discussion by following links online to see various approaches to the problem. *7. Students will tackle problems related to the topic to use mathematics to find solutions. *Grades 6 and 7, 4-7 gifted only Materials Needed (Grades K-3, Special Education Middle School): 1. Milk cartons 2. Straws 3. 1 liter bottles half full of water Materials Needed (Grades 4-7, Special Education High School): 1. 1 or 2 liter bottle 2. Straws 4. Plastic water pitchers THIS RESOURCE ALSO INCLUDES A FLIPPED CLASSROOM ACTIVITY

Fairy Tales: 5/4 Fitness Fantasy Game Like it or not, Pokémon Go has gotten children and adults away from their computers, playing video games and off their couches, watching TV while surfing social media. People of all ages are walking, riding bikes, and probably skate boarding around towns and cities, as well as college campuses, searching for the popular little creatures to capture in their cell phones. The downside - distracted players not watching where they're going and risking accidents, predatory attacks, and the zombie-like throngs walking the street - has put a damper on this internationally popular game. However, this curriculum reflects the influence of the upside of Pokémpn Go: getting people moving. Physical fitness has become a real health concern in the digital age with people of all ages playing video games for hours on end with little or no physical movement except to click a mouse or work the controls on a game console. Physical Education is not provided in many schools at a time when it's needed most. This unit that spans all grades (older children involved in the activities can also work with younger children as coaches and mentors) uses familiar fairy tales that are reflected in the various fitness activities inspired by these age-old stories that most children have either read (or heard as bedtime stories) or seen in movies. Note: Older children can also create their own games based on Super Heroes in comic books and/ or movies. Since most schools do not have the tech tools to make this a digital game like Pokémon Go, 5/4 Fitness activities use available or inexpensive materials (some of which schools may have in the supply room). A few purchases will have to be made for things like plastic and actual eggs, apples, climbing ropes, etc. Safety concerns should be observed at all times. Older students may also need to wear protective gear to avoid scrapping knees and elbows, as well as helmets, for some activities. Students' medical needs and limitations must also be taken into consideration for some activities, such as five minutes lying in a "coffin," running with a pea in each shoe, or running in only one shoe, etc. There are also bonus rounds for students to play to earn extra points or break a tie. Points can be traded for Golden Coins that can be used to purchase free time. Information about the games will be posted on social media (Facebook). If enough schools get involved, sponsors will be added to provide schools with the highest scores at the end of the school year a chance to win tech tools like laptops, tablets, smart boards, cells, etc. This would allow the game to be supported by technology to keep track of points earned, interact with players from other schools, provide videos of games and players, etc.

$$$$$$$How to Succeed in Business$$$$$$$ This project is based on a successful school business: “Chapman’s Chips,” a six-week mini-course for gifted students, grades 4-6. Goals 1. Students involved in running a business providing a product or service for half an hour each day will be responsible for their specific jobs and will work together to make their business a success. Each student will be responsible for performing the job they chose and helping support other students who may have difficulty. 2. Students will have the opportunity to share their experience after working in groups or individually, varying the method of sharing, as well as keep a written, artistic, or recorded summary of their experience each day. Students’ reflections will be part of their portfolio, along with their job and job description, and any other artifacts they have.

Students will trace history of papier mâché after being introduced to the subject with a video of an art installation of 1,600 papier mâché pandas. Students will develop an understanding and respect for the art form resulting in them creating their own Papier Mâché exhibit. This is a technology-based instructional strategy using cooperative learning and inquiry to engage students in research, analysis, and discussion.

Inspired by Pokémon Go's use of maps, this curriculum gets students coming back to school this fall outside observing nature. The curriculum activities can be used at all grade levels and for all abilities. It includes school activities, as well as flipped classroom activities at home. Goal To teach observation, investigation, and presentation skills using integrated curricula to become more aware of natural phenomena in neighborhood and school environments and how to use science, math, geography, and oral/written descriptive language to study, record, and share environmental information and understanding. Objectives: 1. Students will observe natural phenomena (birds, trees, and in SchoolZone and MyZone). 2. Students will record information collected and synthesize through scientific thinking based on observation, research, inquiry, and presentation. 3. Students will work in pairs/groups to record, assess, and synthesize data, using research and observations made during investigations of their natural environments.

Goal: To increase physical activity in schools Objective: Students will participate in activities supervised by school staff whilst following all instructions given, observing safety rules set by school and written into the curriculum, and reflecting good sportsmanship. Read each fairy tale (or a synopsis) from a picture book for grades PreK-K-1. Give synopsis for each one to higher grades to remind them of details of each story. Note: challenge students in grades 1-12 to come up with other physical activities based on other fairy tales, using clever names; mother goose poems; super heroes, film villains, etc. individually or in groups. There will be a competition for the best idea and prizes for individual classrooms. Each activity should be recorded using graphs in ppt. or tables in google docs, etc. Help students create their own individual charts online (if possible) or offline (if school does not have the technology). Instruct students to learn how to record their scores and assist each student that needs more guidance individually and/or pair them with a student that's proficient. The five fitness games (5 points each possible)

BULLIES (Better Use of Language Labeling Individuals to Enrich Socialization) is a unit to be used across grade levels that assists students in examining language used and social interactions experienced during bullying incidents. Labels are given to individuals involved in bullying scenarios and real-life incidents. These labels include 'bullies,' 'bullying victims,' 'witnesses to bullying,' 'teachers,' and 'parents.' However, instead of just labeling those involved actively or inactively during bullying incidents, this unit will help students identify which label applies in various scenarios and explore how the social behavior of each individual in specific scenarios can be changed to prevent bullying. There is also an easy to facilitate assessment teachers can use to determine which of the labels fits each student after participation in the unit's activities. NOTE: the assessment may also be used as a pre- and post- test of each student's possible role in a past, present, or future bullying incident. Although the main purpose of the assessment is to determine if students meet the goal and objectives of the unit, the three-question multiple choice assessment could be used in a number of ways; including: assessing students after a bullying incident to determine the states of mind of students involved in a bullying incident; and/or to assess school staff and/or parents' attitudes regarding bullying.

STEAMLASS/Super Moon Study The study of this year's second and third super moons can start 11/16 or later and end 12/14. In it students will learn about the closest super moon since 1948. STEAMLASS (STEM plus Art, Language Art, and social studies) by reading information about super moons and answering open-ended questions, participating in activities such as creating a Super Moon Anticipation Calendar to mark off the days to the last super moon and locating places where super moons were photographed using U.S. and world maps. Students will also have a flipped classroom assignment that will require them to create their own simple language using various types of graphics that they display on their own Rosetta Stone and bring to school for other students to try to decipher. Goal: Working together in pairs, groups, and individually, students will learn about Super Moons investigating STEAMLASS concepts. Objective: Students will use mathematical, science, engineering, language arts, history, technology, and observation/photography to study and engage in activities to learn what super moons are, their history, and why they appear in the sky. This unit is for Upper Elementary and Middle School students, but can be adapted for lower and higher grades.

This unit for children in grades 5-7 helps students understand how important it is to support other children whose safety is at risk. Goal: To help students become empathic and able to express empathy by supporting students who are being bullied or feel unsafe by developing strategies to create safe school climates. Objective: Students will increase and/or develop empathy toward peers who are bullied and/or feel unsafe at school through discussion to assess their understanding, awareness, and empathy; interactive role-playing activities; reading and using critical thinking skills to debate whether or not the "safety pin" campaigns are effective in making people that are harassed feel more supported or just another trend that will soon pass; and creating products and activities that go beyond wearing a safety pin that potentially will change the school climate by forming a support network that helps students who are victims of bullies feel safe and empowered. All Graphics Are From Google Images

A.C.T.S. (Assessing Content in Theatrical Scenes) for Zombie Apocalypse Brainiac Smorgasbord Goal Students use theatre to identify scientific concepts Objectives: 1. Students divide into groups of five to read-through and perform scene as readers' theatre. 2. Students complete assessment following their performances, then check answers with script. 3. Students will research science to find the one premise mentioned in the script that is not valid. 4. Student group that identifies the invalid premise first will learn lines and perform the scene as a roving drama group performing in other classes/schools. 5. Student group with the highest scores on the assessment given to each group will understudy the actors while the remaining groups will also go to other classes with to set up the set and props. 6. Students in other classes will complete assessment individually or in groups. 7. Students in other classes will rate performance and scene using a survey. SCRIPT PROPS LIST Pizza box Plastic flower pots Bag of Sand Tealight containers (used) Cheesecloth or thin white or brige scarf Generator Small plastic bottle with yellow water Simulated trap

Goal Students will be able to research facts about rabbits and compare fact with fiction, then use their creativity to create their own bunny stories or plays. Objectives 1. Students will learn that rabbits do not lay eggs, but give birth to living children 2. Students will learn how rabbits became part of Easter traditions. 3. Students will use information gathered to decide if they want to have a rabbit in the classroom. 4. Students will work together in groups to research the following information about caring for rabbits a. What is the best place to house a rabbit? b. What rabbits eat and how much? c. How to breed a bunny and care it's babies. 5. Students will use their creativity to act out or write stories about rabbits 6. Students will use cover illustrations of rabbit stories to create their own. 7. Students will browse the library for stories and/or books for more rabbit stories. The following video can be used to demonstrate how rabbits are born, but it may not be appropriate for some children. Use discretion. Watch "Rabbit giving birth-baby bunnies" on YouTubehttps://youtu.be/9ohMZF5C-i8

Goal: To facilitate understanding of solar energy and its uses and develop an appreciation on how animals depend on humans during cold weather, as well as undertaking an engineering project and conducting an informal scientific study Objectives: 1. Students will learn how to use passive solar energy to melt ice in a bird bath so the birds can have a water source for drinking during the winter 2. Students will create the schematics to use in constructing a passive solar bird bath with assistance and/or guidance from an adult expert. 3. Students will use the schematics to build the passive solar bird bath with expery adult assistance. 4. Students will install the passive solar bird bath with expert adult assistance and present the project to parents, peers, and school staff. 5. Students will conduct and present the results of an informal scientific study. This unit project can be used at any grade level; however, the informal scentific study should be conducted by older children and gifted students Younger children and students with special needs can learn to observe and count/record data with teacher assistance.

Goal: This unit teaches students in grades K-1 (2-4 remedial) about ones, tens, hundreds, etc. Objectives: 1. Students will understand that ten pennies are equal to one dime or ten cents. 2. Students will make and defend choices regarding spending and saving. 3. Students will generalize the relationship between pennies and dimes to that between dimes and dollars, pennies and nickels, and nickels and dollars. 4. Student inquiry questions and discussion will be used to determine student understanding and need for individualized instruction when applicable. 5. Students' knowledge will be assessed before and after activities using open-ended questions and friendly debates. (NOTE: GRADES 2-4, use dimes and dollars)