Was Field Marshal Douglas Haig a brilliant commander or the “Butcher of the Somme”?
This engaging and enquiry-based lesson challenges students to evaluate one of the most controversial figures of the First World War and reach a substantiated judgement about his leadership during the Battle of the Somme.
Students are introduced to the famous “lions led by donkeys” interpretation before exploring a range of historical evidence, including audio, video and written sources, to assess the strengths and weaknesses of Haig’s command decisions.
Through structured analysis, students investigate the realities of command on the Western Front, the pressures faced by military leadership in 1916, whether Haig deserves his reputation as a successful or failed commander and how and why interpretations of Haig have changed over time
Students then construct a balanced judgement, weighing up evidence for and against the label “Butcher of the Somme,” and developing their ability to evaluate historical interpretations critically.
The lesson also encourages students to consider how historians’ views of Haig have shifted over time, helping them understand how historical reputation is shaped and reshaped by evidence and context.
The lesson concludes with a clear, judgement-based outcome task, allowing students to decide whether Haig’s actions should be judged as necessary military leadership or catastrophic failure.
The resource also features:
An enquiry question revisited throughout the lesson and unit
Retrieval practice activities
Source, video and interpretation analysis
Structured evaluation and judgement tasks
Differentiated materials to support all learners
Suggested teaching strategies
Fully editable PowerPoint format
Any reviews would be gratefully received to aid future planning
Something went wrong, please try again later.
Report this resourceto let us know if it violates our terms and conditions.
Our customer service team will review your report and will be in touch.