KS2 Science Function of the Stem

This Function of the Stem PowerPoint is a complete KS2 science lesson that teaches pupils what the stem does within a plant and how we can investigate its role through practical scientific enquiry. The resource opens with a retrieval starter on plant parts and a thinking task comparing stems and tree trunks, helping pupils link prior knowledge to new learning.

The lesson explains the stem as a tube-like structure that supports the plant, transports water, minerals and nutrients, and stores food and water. Clear visuals and accessible explanations help pupils understand how stems move water to the leaves, flowers and fruits. The PowerPoint guides learners through a classic scientific investigation—the celery and food colouring experiment—to show how water travels through the stem. It includes:

key scientific questions
prediction prompts
a WAGOLL prediction
equipment lists
step-by-step method
fair-test reminders
observation guidance
opportunities for discussion and recording results

Observations such as colour changes in the celery, falling water levels and visible dyed transport tubes help students grasp how stems function in real plants. The resource concludes with a results explanation and evaluation prompts to deepen understanding of scientific enquiry and plant biology.

This PowerPoint is ideal for teaching the plants unit in KS2 science, supporting practical investigation skills, vocabulary development, and understanding of plant structure and function. Teachers can use it for whole-class instruction, hands-on experiments, or guided group work with minimal preparation.