The Heart

This engaging lesson explores the structure and function of the mammalian heart and its role within the circulatory system. Students investigate how the heart pumps blood around the body, examine the advantages of double circulation, and compare the adaptations of arteries, veins and capillaries.

Learners develop their understanding of heart anatomy through labelling activities and practical model-building tasks, before applying their knowledge to trace the pathway of blood through the heart and circulatory system. The lesson combines theoretical content with creative and interactive activities, making complex cardiovascular concepts accessible and memorable.

Learning Objectives
Describe the structure and function of the mammalian heart.
Explain the advantages of the double circulatory system.
Compare the structure and function of arteries, veins and capillaries.
Identify and describe the pathway of blood through the heart and circulatory system.
Included in this Resource

Full lesson PowerPoint

Retrieval starter activity

Introduction to heart structure and function

Double circulation explained:
Pulmonary circulation
Systemic circulation
Separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
Advantages of double circulation

Four-chambered heart anatomy:
Left and right atria
Left and right ventricles
Heart valves
Muscular heart walls

Comparative heart and circulation activity

Heart labelling activity

Creative heart model activities:

3D origami heart challenge
Anatomical paper heart construction

Blood vessel structure and function:
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
Aorta
Vena cava

Blood vessel comparison activity

Capillary structure illustration

Blood flow through the heart explained step-by-step:
Vena cava
Right atrium
Tricuspid valve
Right ventricle
Pulmonary artery
Lungs
Pulmonary vein
Left atrium
Mitral valve
Left ventricle
Aorta

Blood flow sequencing activity
Answers and consolidation tasks

Suitable For
KS4 Biology
GCSE Biology
Applied Science
Health and Social Care
Anatomy & Physiology
BTEC Science
Animal Management
Access to HE Science
Post-16 Biology courses
Skills Developed
Anatomical identification
Scientific knowledge and understanding
Structure-function analysis
Sequencing biological processes
Scientific vocabulary development
Practical model-making skills
Retrieval and revision skills
Collaborative learning

This comprehensive lesson helps students build a strong understanding of cardiovascular anatomy and circulation through a combination of theory, visual resources, practical activities and application tasks.

Keywords: heart, circulatory system, cardiovascular system, blood flow, double circulation, pulmonary circulation, systemic circulation, arteries, veins, capillaries, atria, ventricles, valves, aorta, vena cava, blood vessels, heart anatomy, GCSE Biology, anatomy and physiology, Applied Science, Animal Management.