IB Maths AA SL 4.1 - Basic Statistics Concepts

This IB Maths AA SL Topic 4.1 – Basic Statistics Concepts resource introduces students to the foundations of statistical investigation and data collection. It begins by defining key terms such as population, sample, random sample, discrete data, and continuous data. Students explore why surveying an entire population is often impractical and how a carefully selected sample can be used to make valid inferences about a larger group.

The lesson develops students’ understanding of sampling bias, source reliability, and the effect of unrepresentative samples on statistical conclusions. It also introduces outliers and the interquartile range, including the outlier boundaries Q1 - 1.5 × IQR and Q3 + 1.5 × IQR. Students then compare simple random, systematic, stratified, quota, and convenience sampling, learning the steps, benefits, limitations, and potential sources of bias associated with each method. With clear definitions, visual examples, practical sampling procedures, discussion prompts, and real-world contexts, this resource helps SL students build a strong foundation in statistical reasoning in line with IB Mathematics AA expectations.