Fractions of Amounts Bar-Model Word Problems (KS2 | Years 4–5 Lesson)

Build secure understanding of fractions of amounts with a clear, visual bar-model approach for KS2 (Years 4–5). Ideal for whole-class teaching, guided practice, or independent work.

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What is it?
This lesson focuses on finding fractions of numbers and quantities using the bar model to make part–whole relationships explicit (e.g., ⅓ of 24, ⅘ of 40). Students learn to interpret the bar, partition the whole into equal parts, and scale efficiently to solve real-world word problems.

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What’s included

• Three differentiated sets of 8 word problems (progressively challenging)
• Two challenge questions for greater depth/early finishers
• Step-by-step modelled examples using bar representations
• Pupil-friendly layouts to support CPA progression (concrete → pictorial → abstract)

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How to use

• Start with a quick recap of unit and non-unit fractions.
• Teach the model: draw the bar, partition into equal parts, label one part, scale to the required fraction.
• Work through one example together, then release pupils to the appropriate differentiated set.
• Use the challenge items for extension or guided reasoning.

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Learning objectives

• Find fractions of amounts using bar models.
• Explain methods using part–whole reasoning and scaling.
• Check solutions by inverse operations/estimation.

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Why it works
Bar models reduce cognitive load, make the structure of problems visible, and help pupils move from procedures to reasoning—perfect preparation for later ratio and percentage work.

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