Function Machines, Missing Numbers & Simple Algebraic Thinking P7 Anchor Charts

Introduce pupils to early algebraic thinking in a clear and accessible way with this colourful set of 8 P7 maths anchor charts.

This progressive pack uses function machines, number relationships, inverse operations and missing-number problems to develop the thinking skills pupils need before moving on to formal algebra with letters and variables. It provides a useful bridge between arithmetic and algebra while keeping the focus on familiar numbers and operations.

This resource covers:

• Introduction to Function Machines – understanding inputs, rules and outputs
• Addition & Subtraction Function Machines – applying addition and subtraction rules to find outputs
• Multiplication & Division Function Machines – applying multiplication and division rules
• Finding Missing Numbers – finding missing inputs and outputs by working forwards and backwards
• Finding the Rule – comparing inputs and outputs to identify the operation used
• Missing Number Problems – using inverse operations to solve missing-number calculations across all four operations
• Simple Algebraic Thinking – recognising relationships, applying the same rule to different numbers and working backwards
• Problem Solving & Reasoning – applying function-machine and missing-number skills to real-life and reasoning-style problems

Skills developed include:

• Understanding input → rule → output
• Applying addition, subtraction, multiplication and division rules
• Using inverse operations
• Working backwards to find missing values
• Identifying unknown inputs and outputs
• Finding rules from number relationships
• Comparing how numbers change
• Recognising multiplicative and additive relationships
• Checking solutions by working forwards again
• Mathematical reasoning and problem solving
• Building foundations for later algebra
• Each anchor chart includes:
• Clear, pupil-friendly explanations
• Colourful function-machine visuals
• Key mathematical vocabulary
• Step-by-step strategies
• Worked examples- Practice questions
• Missing-number challenges
• Reasoning prompts
• Helpful reminders and checking strategies

This pack is particularly useful as an introduction to algebraic thinking before pupils begin using letters to represent unknown values, making the transition into formal algebra feel much more manageable.

Perfect for P7, Upper Primary, KS2 and CfE Second Level, and ideal for:
Whole-class teaching
Maths working walls
Lesson introductions
Revision and consolidation
Small-group intervention
Independent pupil reference
Early algebra preparation
Problem-solving sessions

You will receive:
An 8-page printable PDF, with one full-page anchor chart for each teaching step.
A bright, engaging resource designed to help pupils move confidently from number operations to missing numbers, rules, relationships and early algebraic reasoning.

Please note: This resource is supplied as a PDF and is not editable.