
This resource covers key content for 1.4.5, focusing on the causes, patterns and impacts of global migration in an increasingly interconnected world. It is designed to support students in analysing how migration flows are shaped by globalisation and how they influence development.
Students explore the main drivers of migration, including economic factors such as employment opportunities and wage differences, alongside social, political and environmental causes such as conflict, persecution and climate change. There is a clear focus on push and pull factors and how these vary across different regions.
The resource develops understanding of migration patterns at a global scale, including major source and destination regions, and how these have changed over time. Students examine different types of migration, including voluntary and forced migration, as well as internal and international flows.
A key element of this section is analysing the impacts of migration on both origin and destination countries. Students consider economic impacts such as remittances, labour supply and skills transfer, alongside social and cultural impacts, including diversity and integration. There is also a focus on challenges such as brain drain, pressure on services and social tensions.
The resource supports evaluation of how migration contributes to development, recognising that outcomes are uneven and depend on governance, economic conditions and the scale of migration flows. Students are encouraged to form balanced judgements on whether migration is beneficial overall.
It is structured to support progression from knowledge to application and evaluation, with clear explanations, case study links and exam-style questions. It is suitable for lesson delivery, revision, or targeted support on this section of the specification.
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