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This complete year 12 lesson on introduction to alkanes covers part of OCR sections 4.1.2 (Alkanes). Content covered includes uses of alkanes as fuels, bonding and shapes of alkanes and their physical properties. The resource features a 27 slide animated PowerPoint along with a 6 page workbook. There is a starter activity and a short quiz as a plenary. Exam tips and answers to the exercise are provided. Ideal for the classroom or blended learning, this resource could be used as an introduction to the topic, or for revision, extension or consolidation.
This lesson is part of a series covering the OCR AS Chemistry specification and relates to the following part of the specification:
Module 4 – Core organic chemistry
Part 1 – Basic concepts and hydrocarbons
4.1.2 − Alkanes
Content covered:
- Sources and uses of alkanes
- Definitions of fossil fuels and crude oil
- Uses of alkanes as fuels
- Bonding in alkanes
- Formation and rotation of sigma bonds
- Shapes of alkanes
- Intermolecular forces in alkanes in terms of non-polar molecules
- Melting and boiling points of alkanes in terms of London forces
- Effect of chain length and branching on London forces
Duration: 1 lesson
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Links
Previous lesson: topic 38 – Organic reagents and types of reaction
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/organic-reagents-and-types-of-reaction-ocr-as-chemistry-12643937
Next lesson: topic 40 – Reactions of alkanes
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/reactions-of-alkanes-ocr-as-chemistry-12987021
Lesson on naming hydrocarbons - topic 35
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/naming-hydrocarbons-ocr-as-chemistry-12242016
Lesson on isomerism, including further information on shapes of alkanes and alkenes - topic 37
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/isomerism-ocr-as-chemistry-12634065
Get this resource as part of a bundle and save up to 43%
A bundle is a package of resources grouped together to teach a particular topic, or a series of lessons, in one place.
Bundle
Core organic chemistry bundle
This bundle covers all of the OCR A level chemistry specification section 4.1 (basic concepts and hydrocarbons) and 4.2 (alcohols, haloalkanes and analysis). The resources included are: - Introduction to organic chemistry - Naming hydrocarbons (includes quiz – A Question of naming alkanes) - Functional groups – names and formulae - Isomerism - Organic reagents and types of reaction - Introduction to alkanes - Reactions of alkanes - Alkenes - Polymers from alkenes - Chemistry of alcohols - Haloalkanes - Organic synthesis - AS synthetic routes - Infrared spectroscopy - Mass spectrometry - Identifying compounds from infrared and mass spectra Each topic includes a fully interactive PowerPoint including starter, group activities, questions and plenary along with a worksheet. Answers to all exercises are provided. Some of the resources include a PowerPoint quiz and all are ideal for classroom or home learning. This bundle is part of a series covering the OCR AS Chemistry specification and relates to the following sections: Module 4– Core organic chemistry Part 1 – Basic concepts and hydrocarbons (all) Part 2 - Alcohols, haloalkanes and analysis (all) **Please review!** **Content covered: Introduction to organic chemistry** • Why carbon is special • Bonding in organic compounds • Different types of formulae • Types of organic compounds • Functional groups and homologous series **Naming hydrocarbons** • Application of IUPAC rules of nomenclature for systematically naming organic compounds • Naming alkanes and cycloalkanes • Naming branched alkanes • Naming alkenes and branched alkenes Quiz – A Question of naming alkanes **Functional groups – names and formulae** • Application of IUPAC rules of nomenclature for systematically naming organic compounds • Practice naming organic compounds including those with functional groups • Revision of empirical and molecular formula and how to calculate them • Formulae of compounds with functional groups Displayed formula Structural formula Skeletal formula **Isomerism** • Shapes of alkanes (with model building) • Definitions of structural isomers, stereoisomers, E/Z isomers and cis-trans isomers • Classification of isomers with examples • Structural isomers including chain, position and functional group isomers • Shapes of alkenes (with model building) • Restricted rotation around the C=C double bond • Stereoisomers – E/Z and cis-trans isomers • Animated illustrations of E/Z isomers • Criteria for E/Z isomerism and for cis-trans isomerism with examples and learning check • Cahn-Ingold-Prelog rules for naming E/Z isomers with examples **Organic reagents and types of reaction** • Ways of breaking covalent bonds Homolytic fission Heterolytic fission • Types of organic reagents and their reactions Nucleophiles Electrophiles Radicals • Introduction to mechanisms • Curly arrows • Types of reaction Addition Substitution Elimination • Classification of reactions **Introduction to alkanes** * Sources and uses of alkanes * Definitions of fossil fuels and crude oil * Uses of alkanes as fuels * Bonding in alkanes * Formation and rotation of sigma bonds * Shapes of alkanes * Intermolecular forces in alkanes in terms of non-polar molecules * Melting and boiling points of alkanes in terms of London forces * Effect of chain length and branching on London forces **Reactions of alkanes** * Reactivity of alkanes * Combustion of alkanes – complete and incomplete * Balancing combustion equations * Radicals and dot-and-cross diagrams * Radical chain reactions * Radical substitution of alkanes by halogens * Mechanism including initiation, propagation and termination * Limitations to the use of radical substitution in synthesis of halogenoalkanes **Alkenes** * Structure and reactivity of alkenes * The nature of the double bond – sigma and pi bonds * Explanation of restricted rotation around C=C * Shape of ethene in terms of electron pair repulsion theory * Addition reactions of alkenes * Reactions of ethene and propene including addition of halogens, steam, hydrogen halides and hydrogen * Test for alkenes with aqueous bromine * Catalytic addition of hydrogen - mechanism * Margarine manufacture * Definition of electrophile * Electrophilic addition mechanism * Addition of HX to unsymmetrical alkenes - Markownikoff’s rule and explanation **Polymers from alkenes** * Meaning of the terms addition polymer and monomer * the formation of poly(ethene) * General equation for polymer formation * Identifying the monomer from the repeat unit of the monomer * Disposal of waste polymers by recycling, cracking and combustion * Bioplastics * Biodegradable polymers * Photodegradable polymers **Chemistry of alcohols** * Comparing methods of making ethanol * Naming alcohols * Physical properties of alcohols, in terms of hydrogen bonding * Primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols * Substitution reaction of alcohols * Oxidation of alcohols * Elimination (dehydration) reaction of alcohols * Reactions of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols * Animated mechanisms * Reaction classification * Reagents and conditions * Structural equations * Key definitions **Haloalkanes** * Naming haloalkanes * Reactivity of haloalkanes general equation for polymer formation * Uses of haloalkanes * Nucleophilic substitution reactions of haloalkanes including hydrolysis * Mechanism of nucleophilic substitution * Experiment to compare rates of hydrolysis of different haloalkanes * Explaining the different rates of hydrolysis * Organohalogen compounds and the environment * Destruction of ozone by CFCs **Organic synthesis** * Revision of functional groups * Techniques for preparation and purification of organic liquids * Heating under reflux * Distillation * Separation of immiscible liquids using a separating funnel * Use of drying agents * Stages in the preparation and purification of an organic liquid * Tests for functional groups * Compounds with more than one functional group * Strategies for organic synthesis with examples **AS synthetic routes** * AS synthetic routes * Animated mechanisms * Key definitions * Heating under reflux * Distillation * Reaction classification * Reagents and conditions * Structural equations **Infrared spectroscopy** * Introduction to spectroscopy linked to the electromagnetic spectrum * Meaning of wavenumber and transmittance * Molecular vibrations * Bond stretching * Fingerprint region of spectrum * Types and shapes of peaks * Infrared and global warming * The greenhouse effect and greenhouse gases * Interpreting the infrared spectrum * Examples of IR spectra with animated explanation linking peaks to structure * Uses of infrared spectroscopy **Mass spectrometry** * Animated diagram and description of a mass spectrometer * Meaning of m/z * Relative intensity * Base peak * Molecular ion * M+1 peak * Fragments * Interpreting the mass spectrum * Mass spectrum of ethanol * Animations of formation of fragments from ethanol * Summary of fragments for ethanol * Examples of mass spectra with animated explanation linking peaks to structure * Interpretation of mass spectrum of unknown compound leading to its identification **Identifying compounds from infrared and mass spectra** * Calculating empirical formula from % composition * Calculating molecular formula from empirical formula and molar mass, using the molecular ion peak on the mass spectrum * Using the infrared (IR) spectrum to identify bond stretches and hence functional group(s) present * Drawing structural formulae consistent with the molecular formula and IR data * Using mass spectrum to distinguish between the suggested structural formulae * Identifying fragments in the mass spectrum
£27.00
Bundle
Basic concepts and hydrocarbons bundle OCR AS Chemistry
**My resources now cover the whole of OCR AS Chemistry.** Each download includes a list of all available lessons and bundles. This bundle covers all of the OCR A level chemistry specification section 4.1 (basic concepts of organic chemistry and hydrocarbons). The resources included are: - Introduction to organic chemistry - Naming hydrocarbons - Quiz – A Question of naming alkanes - Functional groups – names and formulae - Isomerism - Organic reagents and types of reaction - Introduction to alkanes - Reactions of alkanes - Alkenes - Polymers from alkenes Each topic includes a fully interactive PowerPoint including starter, group activities, questions and plenary along with a worksheet. Answers to all exercises are provided. Some of the resources include a PowerPoint quiz and all are ideal for classroom or home learning. This bundle is part of a series covering the OCR AS Chemistry specification and relates to the following sections: Module 4– Core organic chemistry Part 1 – Basic concepts and hydrocarbons 4.1.1 basic concepts of organic chemistry(all) 4.1.2 alkanes (all) 4.1.3 alkenes (all) **Please review!** **Content covered Introduction to organic chemistry** • Why carbon is special • Bonding in organic compounds • Different types of formulae • Types of organic compounds • Functional groups and homologous series **Naming hydrocarbons** • Application of IUPAC rules of nomenclature for systematically naming organic compounds • Naming alkanes and cycloalkanes • Naming branched alkanes • Naming alkenes and branched alkenes Quiz – A Question of naming alkanes **Functional groups – names and formulae** • Application of IUPAC rules of nomenclature for systematically naming organic compounds • Practice naming organic compounds including those with functional groups • Revision of empirical and molecular formula and how to calculate them • Formulae of compounds with functional groups Displayed formula Structural formula Skeletal formula **Isomerism** • Shapes of alkanes (with model building) • Definitions of structural isomers, stereoisomers, E/Z isomers and cis-trans isomers • Classification of isomers with examples • Structural isomers including chain, position and functional group isomers • Shapes of alkenes (with model building) • Restricted rotation around the C=C double bond • Stereoisomers – E/Z and cis-trans isomers • Animated illustrations of E/Z isomers • Criteria for E/Z isomerism and for cis-trans isomerism with examples and learning check • Cahn-Ingold-Prelog rules for naming E/Z isomers with examples **Organic reagents and types of reaction** • Ways of breaking covalent bonds Homolytic fission Heterolytic fission • Types of organic reagents and their reactions Nucleophiles Electrophiles Radicals • Introduction to mechanisms • Curly arrows • Types of reaction Addition Substitution Elimination • Classification of reactions **Introduction to alkanes** * Sources and uses of alkanes * Definitions of fossil fuels and crude oil * Uses of alkanes as fuels * Bonding in alkanes * Formation and rotation of sigma bonds * Shapes of alkanes * Intermolecular forces in alkanes in terms of non-polar molecules * Melting and boiling points of alkanes in terms of London forces * Effect of chain length and branching on London forces **Reactions of alkanes** * Reactivity of alkanes * Combustion of alkanes – complete and incomplete * Balancing combustion equations * Radicals and dot-and-cross diagrams * Radical chain reactions * Radical substitution of alkanes by halogens * Mechanism including initiation, propagation and termination * Limitations to the use of radical substitution in synthesis of halogenoalkanes **Alkenes** * Structure and reactivity of alkenes * The nature of the double bond – sigma and pi bonds * Explanation of restricted rotation around C=C * Shape of ethene in terms of electron pair repulsion theory * Addition reactions of alkenes * Reactions of ethene and propene including addition of halogens, steam, hydrogen halides and hydrogen * Test for alkenes with aqueous bromine * Catalytic addition of hydrogen - mechanism * Margarine manufacture * Definition of electrophile * Electrophilic addition mechanism * Addition of HX to unsymmetrical alkenes - Markownikoff’s rule and explanation **Polymers from alkenes** * meaning of the terms addition polymer and monomer * the formation of poly(ethene) * general equation for polymer formation * identifying the monomer from the repeat unit of the monomer * disposal of waste polymers by recycling, cracking and combustion * bioplastics * biodegradable polymers * photodegradable polymers **Links** Next lesson: Topic 43 - Chemistry of alcohols https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/chemistry-of-alcohols-as-chemistry-12273938 Next medium bundle: Alcohols, haloalkanes and analysis https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/alcohols-haloalkanes-and-analysis-bundle-ocr-as-chemistry-13349842
£15.00
Bundle
Hydrocarbons bundle OCR AS Chemistry
**My resources now cover the whole of OCR AS Chemistry.** Each download includes a list of all available lessons and bundles. This bundle covers the OCR A level chemistry specification sections 4.1.2 (alkanes) and section 4.1.3 (alkenes). The resources included are: - introduction to alkanes - reactions of alkanes - alkenes - polymers from alkenes Each topic includes a fully interactive PowerPoint including starter, group activities, questions and plenary along with a worksheet. Answers to all exercises are provided. Some of the resources include a PowerPoint quiz and all are ideal for classroom or home learning. This bundle is part of a series covering the OCR AS Chemistry specification and relates to the following sections: Module 4– Core organic chemistry Part 1 – Basic concepts and hydrocarbons 4.1.2 alkanes (all) and 4.1.3 alkenes (all) **Content covered**: **Introduction to alkanes** Sources and uses of alkanes Definitions of fossil fuels and crude oil Uses of alkanes as fuels Bonding in alkanes Formation and rotation of sigma bonds Shapes of alkanes Intermolecular forces in alkanes in terms of non-polar molecules Melting and boiling points of alkanes in terms of London forces Effect of chain length and branching on London forces **Reactions of alkanes** Reactivity of alkanes Combustion of alkanes – complete and incomplete Balancing combustion equations Radicals and dot-and-cross diagrams Radical chain reactions Radical substitution of alkanes by halogens Mechanism including initiation, propagation and termination Limitations to the use of radical substitution in synthesis of halogenoalkanes **Alkenes** Structure and reactivity of alkenes The nature of the double bond – sigma and pi bonds Explanation of restricted rotation around C=C Shape of ethene in terms of electron pair repulsion theory Addition reactions of alkenes Reactions of ethene and propene including addition of halogens, steam, hydrogen halides and hydrogen Test for alkenes with aqueous bromine Catalytic addition of hydrogen - mechanism Margarine manufacture Definition of electrophile Electrophilic addition mechanism Addition of HX to unsymmetrical alkenes - Markownikoff’s rule and explanation **Polymers from alkenes** meaning of the terms addition polymer and monomer the formation of poly(ethene) general equation for polymer formation identifying the monomer from the repeat unit of the monomer disposal of waste polymers by recycling, cracking and combustion bioplastics biodegradable polymers photodegradable polymers **Links** Next lesson: Topic 43 - Chemistry of alcohols https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/chemistry-of-alcohols-as-chemistry-12273938 Next small bundle: Alcohols, haloalkanes and organic synthesis https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/alcohols-haloalkanes-and-organic-synthesis-bundle-ocr-as-chemistry-13349384
£7.00
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Would love some more of these for Reactions of Alkanes and Alkenes. These have been such a great help to my students as they can spend more time listening and doing examples than writing notes.
An excellent resource as usual
Thank you Callum - your resources have made my life easier! I want to purchase all your resources - do you perhaps have an AS and A2 complete bundle for purchase please? I have started saving bundles to purchase, but it is very time consuming.
Amazing resources again! If you have the rest of 4.1.2 and 4.1.3 spec points, i would like to buy them! All your resources have been a life saver.
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