This lesson has been written to cover the part of specification point 6.4.3 of the AQA A-level Biology specification which states that students should be able to describe how water and glucose are reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule. It has specifically been designed to build on the knowledge gained in the previous lessons on the structure of the nephron and ultrafiltration.
The lesson begins by challenging the students to recall the substances that are found in the glomerular filtrate so that each of them can be considered over the course of the rest of the lesson. Moving forwards, the first of the numerous discussion points which are included in the lesson is used to get students to predict the component of the filtrate which won’t be found in the urine when they are presented with pie charts from each of these situations. Upon learning that glucose is 100% reabsorbed, along with most of the ions and some of the water, the rest of the lesson focuses on describing the relationship between the structure of the PCT and the function of selective reabsorption. Again, this section begins by encouraging the students to discuss and to predict which structures they would expect to find in a section of the kidney if the function is to reabsorb. They are given the chance to see the structure (as shown in the cover image) before each feature is broken down to explain its importance. Time is taken to look at the role of the cotransporter proteins to explain how this allows glucose, along with sodium ions, to be reabsorbed from the lumen of the PCT into the epithelial cells. The final part of the lesson focuses on urea and how the concentration of this substance increases along the tubule as a result of the reabsorption of some of the water.
This lesson has been designed for students studying on the AQA-A level Biology course and ties in nicely with the other lessons from 6.4.3 as well as the other uploaded lessons from topic 6
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AQA A-level Biology Topic 6: Organisms respond to changes in their internal and external environments
This bundle contains 17 fully-resourced and detailed lessons that have been designed to cover the content of topic 6 of the AQA A-level Biology specification which concerns the responses of organisms to stimuli. The wide range of activities included in each lesson will engage the students whilst the detailed content is covered and the understanding and prior knowledge checks allow them to assess their progress on the current topic as well as challenging them to make links to other related topics. Most of the tasks are differentiated to allow differing abilities to access the work and be challenged. The following sub-topics are covered in this bundle of lessons: * The role of sensory receptors as outlined by the Pacinian corpuscle * The human retina as a sensory receptor * The differences in rods and cones that enable different sensitivity to light, colour and visual acuity * The roles of the SAN, AVN, Bundle of His and Purkyne fibres in the conduction system of the heart * The control of heart rate * The structure of a myelinated motor neurone * The factors that affect the speed of conduction of an impulse * The generation and transmission of nerve impulses * The transmission at a cholinergic synapse and a neuromuscular junction * Summation * The contraction of skeletal muscles * The structure and properties of slow and fast skeletal muscle fibres * The principles of homeostasis including negative feedback systems * The control of blood glucose concentration by the controlled release of insulin and glucagon * The causes and control of diabetes type I and II * The gross structure of the kidney * The detailed structure of the nephron * The production of glomerular filtrate * The reabsorption of glucose and water in the PCT * The role of the hypothalamus, posterior pituitary and ADH in osmoregulation This is one of the 8 topics which have to be covered over the length of the 2 year course and therefore it is expected that the teaching time for this bundle will be in excess of 2 months If you want to see the quality of the lessons before purchasing then the lessons on saltatory conduction, the contraction of skeletal muscles and ultrafiltration are free resources to download
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Topic 6.4: Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable internal environment (AQA A-level Biology)
Each of the 7 lessons that are included in this bundle are fully-resourced and have been designed to cover the content as detailed in topic 6.4 (Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable internal environment) of the AQA A-Level Biology specification. The specification points that are covered within these lessons include: * The principles of homeostasis * The importance of maintaining temperature and blood glucose concentrations * Negative feedback systems * The action of insulin, glucagon and the role of the liver in blood glucose control * The role of adrenaline * The causes of type I and II diabetes and their control * The structure of the nephron and its numerous roles * The formation of the glomerular filtrate by ultrafiltration * Reabsorption of glucose and water by the proximal convoluted tubule * The roles of the hypothalamus, the posterior pituitary gland and ADH in osmoregulation The lessons have been written to include a wide range of activities and numerous understanding and prior knowledge checks so students can assess their progress against the current topic as well as be challenged to make links to other topics within this topic and earlier topics If you would like to see the quality of the lessons, download the ultrafiltration lesson which is free
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A brilliant resource with great interactive activities. Thank you for sharing.
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