What's missing - Memory game Test your preschool child's memory skills. Can she tell what's missing in this fun game? Directions 1. Test your preschooler's memory skills by showing fruits in the powerpoint. 2. Allow her to study them, then have her close her eyes while you remove one fruit/ vegetable by clicking next to go to the next slide. 3. See if she can tell you which fruit/ vegetable is missing. This is so much helpful for preschoolers to remember the different kinds of fruits and vegetables. Fruits and Vegetables included in this powerpoint: apple, grapes, orange, watermelon, strawberry, pineapple, banana, mango, carrot, pumpkin, mushroom, tomato

Jolly Phonics Alphabet Tracing Animated PPT with Sound Effects (Group 1-7) or Learning Letter Formation in 51 Powerpoint slides This product is fully editable to fit your needs. All the letters of the alphabet are included in this PPT. Lowercase and Uppercase Teach your students or young ones the fun way to write the alphabet. This powerpoint is fully editable for your needs and animated with sound effects. How to use? A. Tracing/ Writing: 1. Click on the letter (uppercase/ lowercase), and an animated dot will appear tracing the letter slowly. 2. Click the letter again if you want to repeat tracing. 3. Click next to go to the next slide. B. Use this as a support while using the Jolly Phonics Workbooks 1-7 C. Use this to review some vocabularies with the corresponding sound before or after tracing. D. Use this as a game or competition. (Writing in the air) E. Use this as an activity to practice your students tracing or writing ability in the air before they write on the paper. Note: This product is to support Jolly Phonics Teaching and is not a product or endorsed by Jolly Phonics/Jolly Learning and can be used with many phonics programs. Don’t forget to rate the product after purchasing to earn some credits. And please check my store for more Jolly Phonics inspired games, flashcards and PowerPoint games. PRINTING TIP: This resource has been designed for printing on 8X11 sized paper. If you are printing on a different size, select “shrink to printable area” or “print to fit page” (or a similar option) in order for the contents of this unit to print correctly.

This presentation uses triggers and action buttons. Each slide shows words and pictures of these sounds. The phonics sounds are divided into 7 groups in 92 slides. s, a, t, i, p, n c, k, ck, e, h, r, m, d g, o, u, l, f, b j, z, w, v, y, x, ch, sh, th, qu ai, oa, ee, ng, oo, ie, ou, oi, ue, ar, er, or This powerpoint game is made for practicing the Jolly Phonics Group 1,2,3,4,5,6, and 7. This powerpoint is very simple to use in the classroom which will make your lesson very interesting. You can also use this for your demo lessons. It is fully editable, animated with sound effects to make the students excited. This game will surely make your students happy and engaged because of the animation and sound effects every time they answered it correctly. How to use: You will see the instructions after you download it. When you want to go to the next slide, just click anywhere. Why are you going to use powerpoint in your lesson? It will definitely make your Jolly Phonics lessons interesting! As we sail through the 21st century, technology in the classroom is becoming more and more predominant. Student perceptions in the study believe that technology helps them retain information better. When used effectively, PowerPoint can really enhance teacher presentations and the overall comprehension of students. It is a program that allows teachers to present their lessons in a more dynamic way than simply lecturing and writing on the blackboard. Note: This product is to support Jolly Phonics Teaching and is not a product or endorsed by Jolly Phonics/Jolly Learning and can be used with many phonics programs. Don't forget to rate the product after purchasing to earn some credits. And please check my store for more Jolly Phonics inspired games, flashcards and PowerPoint games.

Jolly Phonics Color and Trace (Writing Practice Sheets) 2 sets 1 black and white set 1 colored set Group 1-7 1. s a t i p n 2. c k e h r m d 3. g o u l f b 4. ai j oa ie ee or 5. z w ng v oo oo 6. y x ch sh th th 7. qu ou oi ue er ar This is a great way for your students to practice coloring and tracing from the Jolly Phonics program. You may also bind all the worksheets into a notebook as part of the student’s portfolio or achievement book at the end of the school year. - You can also print the colored ones and laminate. Once laminated, use this for writing with colored dry erase markers. PRINTING TIP: This resource has been designed for printing on 8X11 sized paper. If you are printing on a different size, select “shrink to printable area” or “print to fit page” (or a similar option) in order for the contents of this unit to print correctly. Note: This product is to support Jolly Phonics Teaching and is not a product or endorsed by Jolly Phonics/Jolly Learning and can be used with many phonics programs. Don’t forget to rate the product after purchasing to earn some credits. And please check my store for more Jolly Phonics inspired games, flashcards and PowerPoint games. PRINTING TIP: This resource has been designed for printing on 8X11 sized paper. If you are printing on a different size, select “shrink to printable area” or “print to fit page” (or a similar option) in order for the contents of this unit to print correctly.

Jolly Phonics Sound Chart Cut and laminate the pictures on different coloured photocopying paper. This gives them several opportunities to sound out and identify the same words. This can also be done as a table activity during structured play. Flashcards are a great way to help young learners visualize new vocabulary. These versatile tools can be used both in the classroom and at home to help children practice the language. We believe in making learning fun and engaging, so rather than drilling kids by flipping through the cards, try playing games and doing different activities to keep their interest high. The size of each card is: Height 4.71 cm Width: 6.28 cm Note: This product is to support Jolly Phonics Teaching and is not a product or endorsed by Jolly Phonics/Jolly Learning and can be used with many phonics programs. Don’t forget to rate the product after purchasing to earn some credits. And please check my store for more Jolly Phonics inspired games, flashcards and PowerPoint games.

This presentation uses triggers and action buttons. This is a very good tool for revision. Each slide shows words and pictures of the phonics sounds. Full version of this product has 95 slides with different activities. Complete set of the Jolly Phonics sounds: s, a, t, i, p, n c, k, ck, e, h, r, m, d g, o, u, l, f, b j, z, w, v, y, x, ch, sh, th, qu ai, oa, ee, ng, oo, ie, ou, oi, ue, ar, er, or Please check out the full version of this product here: Phonics Game PPT (Jolly Phonics or any phonics program) with sound - Smartboard This powerpoint game is made for practicing the Jolly Phonics Group 1,2,3,4,5,6, and 7. This powerpoint is very simple to use in the classroom which will make your lesson very interesting. You can also use this for your demo lessons. It is fully editable, animated with sound effects to make the students excited. This game will surely make your students happy and engaged because of the animation and sound effects every time they answered it correctly. How to use: You will see the instructions after you download it. When you want to go to the next slide, just click anywhere. Why are you going to use powerpoint in your lesson? It will definitely make your Jolly Phonics lessons or any phonics program interesting! As we sail through the 21st century, technology in the classroom is becoming more and more predominant. Student perceptions in the study believe that technology helps them retain information better. When used effectively, PowerPoint can really enhance teacher presentations and the overall comprehension of students. It is a program that allows teachers to present their lessons in a more dynamic way than simply lecturing and writing on the blackboard. Note: This product is to support Jolly Phonics Teaching and is not a product or endorsed by Jolly Phonics/Jolly Learning and can be used with many phonics programs. Don’t forget to rate the product after purchasing to earn some credits. And please check my store for more Jolly Phonics inspired games, flashcards and PowerPoint games.

Jolly Phonics Mini Flashcards can be used to any phonics program Group 1-7 mini flashcards Each 8X11 paper has 4 flashcards of the following 42 letter sounds: 1. s a t i p n 2. c k e h r m d 3. g o u l f b 4. ai j oa ie ee or 5. z w ng v oo oo 6. y x ch sh th th 7. qu ou oi ue er ar Cut and laminate the pictures on different coloured photocopying paper. This gives them several opportunities to sound out and identify the same words. This can also be done as a table activity during structured play. Flashcards are a great way to help young learners visualize new vocabulary. These versatile tools can be used both in the classroom and at home to help children practice language. We believe in making learning fun and engaging, so rather than drilling kids by flipping through the cards, try playing games and doing different activities to keep their interest high. Note: This product is to support Jolly Phonics Teaching and is not a product or endorsed by Jolly Phonics/Jolly Learning and can be used with many phonics programs. Don’t forget to rate the product after purchasing to earn some credits. And please check my store for more Jolly Phonics inspired games, flashcards and PowerPoint games. PRINTING TIP: This resource has been designed for printing on 8X11 sized paper. If you are printing on a different size, select “shrink to printable area” or “print to fit page” (or a similar option) in order for the contents of this unit to print correctly.

This product will help you introduce the different kinds of animals: frog, lamb, cow, tiger, rooster, bird, cat, dog, elephant, horse, snake, monkey, goat and pig. 1st slide- click any animal and you will hear the real sounds. 2nd slide to 15th slide - ask the students what animal it is by looking at the picture and hearing the sounds. This is an exciting powerpoint game for kids since they will be able to hear the real sounds of the animals. This is a very good tool for revision in teaching the animals. It will make your students laugh and get excited at the same time. It will motivate your students to listen to your class.

This product can be used to support any of your phonics programs. This is a very helpful teaching aid to supplement the Finger Phonics 1 book. This will make your lesson easy and exciting for the kids. They do add a great deal of interest and without question make it easier for the kids to listen and follow along. I have also included some pictures for the kids to understand the words that they are reading. You can also print this and make it as a wall decor. Some animated slides are used to assess the students’ understanding which includes: matching letter sounds with the pictures and matching the words and its meaning. Helpful Tips: 1. They can make good fillers and warm-ups. 2. Good for revision, practice and test preparation. 3. They can reinforce instruction. 4. It can be done in pairs or small groups, helping develop communication and teamwork skills. 5. It can help stimulate independent learning. 6. They can provide a good deal of repetition, often vital for internalizing concepts. 7. They are useful for assessment of learning and/or progress. 8. Help them gain their confidence by going to the board and answer the matching type of test. Group 2 - ckehrmd Words from Finger Phonics book 2 : ck- click, clock, cat, kitten e-elf, end, well, hen h- hot, help, happy, hill r-rip, rabbit, rat, drip, m- swim, bump, mat, mug d- dog, dig, wedding, red, drum This product goes along with this powerpoint:  Phonics 1 - satipn Animated Powerpoint with sound effects (21 slides)

Jolly Phonics Flashcards (Complete set). In this set, you will find 42 page flashcards in high-quality images. Note: This product is to support Jolly Phonics Teaching and is not a product or endorsed by Jolly Phonics/Jolly Learning and can be used with many phonics programs. Don’t forget to rate the product after purchasing to earn some credits. And please check my store for more Jolly Phonics inspired games, flashcards and PowerPoint games. Feedback on this product can be found here: https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Jolly-Phonics-Flashcards-Complete-set-3128607 PRINTING TIP: This resource has been designed for printing on 8X11 sized paper. If you are printing on a different size, select “shrink to printable area” or “print to fit page” (or a similar option) in order for the contents of this unit to print correctly.

This is a product to support the book, “Finger Phonics 4”. This is a very helpful teaching aid while you are teaching the Finger Phonics 4 book. This will make your lesson easy and exciting for the kids. They do add a great deal of interest and without question make it easier for the kids to listen and follow along. I have also included some pictures for the kids to understand the words that they are reading. You can also print this and make it as a wall decor. Finger Phonics group 4 - ai, j, oa, ie, ee, or ai - aim, snail, rain, train j - jug, jumper, jeans, jet oa - oak, croak, boat, coat ie - tie, lie, pie, die ee - eel, sheep, bee, feet or - storm, torn, fork, corn Some animated slides are used to assess the students’ understanding which includes: matching letter sounds with the pictures and matching the words and its meaning. Helpful Tips: 1. They can make good fillers and warm-ups. 2. Good for revision, practice and test preparation. 3. They can reinforce instruction. 4. It can be done in pairs or small groups, helping develop communication and teamwork skills. 5. It can help stimulate independent learning. 6. They can provide a good deal of repetition, often vital for internalizing concepts. 7. They are useful for assessment of learning and/or progress. 8. Help them gain their confidence by going to the board and answer the matching type of test. This product goes along with these Power points:  Jolly Phonics 1 - satipn Animated Powerpoint (21 slides)  Jolly Phonics 2 - ckehrmd - Animated Powerpoint - 21 slides  Jolly Phonics -goulfb- Animated PPT (22 slides) Note: This product is to support Jolly Phonics Teaching and is not a product or endorsed by Jolly Phonics/Jolly Learning and can be used with many phonics programs. Don’t forget to rate the product after purchasing to earn some credits. And please check my store for more Jolly Phonics inspired games, flashcards and PowerPoint games.

This product can go along with any phonics program. This can also be printed as flashcards. All you have to do is delete the next, back and home buttons and you're ready to go! These are the slides with the letter formation (uppercase and lowercase) s, a, t, i, p, n, c, k, ck, e, h, r, m, d, g, o, u, l, f, b, j, z, w, v, y, x, ch, sh, th, wh, qu, ai, oa, ee, ng, oo, ie, ou, oi, ue, ar, er, or and ay. Teach your students or young ones the fun way to write the alphabet. This powerpoint is animated with sound effects. The sound effects will help you get the students attention and to make letter formation exciting for them. This product uses the Sassoon font which is the same with the Jolly Phonics Program. You can also incorporate this with any phonics program. Letters can be repeated as often as necessary and chosen in random order.This will work even if you do not have the Sassoon font installed as the letters/writing have been converted into png. How to use? A. Tracing/ Writing: 1. Click on the letter (uppercase/ lowercase), and an animated dot will appear tracing the letter slowly. 2. Click the letter again if you want to repeat tracing. 3. Click next to go to the next slide. 4. Click back to go to the previous slide. 5. Click home to go to the 2nd slide and choose which letter or digraphs you want to trace. B. Use this as a support while using the Jolly Phonics Workbooks 1-7 C. Use this to review some vocabularies with the corresponding sound before or after tracing. D. Use this as a game or competition. (Writing in the air) E. Use this as an activity to practice your students tracing or writing ability in the air before they write on the paper. Feedback on this product can be found here: https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Jolly-Phonics-Learning-Letter-Formation-Animated-PPT-w-Sounds-Effects-Sassoon-3411230 Sample version of this product can be downloaded here for free: https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/FREE-version-Learning-Letter-Formation-Powerpoint-with-sound-effects-Sassoon-3415404

Phonics Picture sound cards that will complement any phonics program Three words with the picture in each sound of 22 pages: s, a, t, i, p, n, c, k, ck, e, h, r, m, d, g, o, u, l, f, b, j, z, w, v, y, x, ch, sh, th, qu, ai, oa, ee, ng, oo, ie, ou, oi, ue, ar, er, or Jolly Phonics Picture sound cards These sheets can be used in several ways to help the children learn to read. For example: 1. a. Stick each sheet on card. Separate the pictures and letters. Lay the first group of pictures out and get the children to listen for the initial sound and put the appropriate letter under the picture. b. This can be reversed and the pictures put down first and the children match the pictures to the initial letters. After the first three sheets the initial letter is not always applicable and the children may have to listen for a medial or final sound. 2. Pairs Games can be made. Either pair the letters to the pictures or the words to the pictures. Note: This product is to support Jolly Phonics Teaching and is not a product or endorsed by Jolly Phonics/Jolly Learning and can be used with many phonics programs. Don't forget to rate the product after purchasing to earn some credits. And please check my store for more Jolly Phonics inspired games, flashcards and PowerPoint games. PRINTING TIP: This resource has been designed for printing on 8X11 sized paper. If you are printing on a different size, select “shrink to printable area” or “print to fit page” (or a similar option) in order for the contents of this unit to print correctly. Note: This product is to support Jolly Phonics Teaching and is not a product or endorsed by Jolly Phonics/Jolly Learning and can be used with many phonics programs. Don't forget to rate the product after purchasing to earn some credits. And please check my store for more Jolly Phonics inspired games, flashcards and PowerPoint games.

Uppercase and Lowercase Coloring and Tracing in a ghost designed paper with black and white pictures that describes the Halloween. 29 pages of writing practice sheets (Sassoon Font) a - angel b - ballerina c - candy d - devil e - eyeball f - fairy g - grave h - haunted house i - imp j - jack-o-lantern k - king l - labyrinth m - mummy n - night o - owl p - pumpkin q - queen r - robot s - skeleton t - tiara u - unearthly v - vampire w - wizard x - x-ray y - yells z - zombie Please check out my other Alphabet writing practice sheets here:  Autumn Writing Activity - Alphabet Tracing - Sassoon Font Jolly Phonics Alphabet Writing Practice Sheets Writing Paper/ Alphabet Tracing in Sassoon Font (Jolly Phonics)

This is an interactive powerpoint game with worksheets. This is a story about the bee who is lost in the forest. He is asking for help to find his family. Then he meets the fairy and the fairy will help him but he has to count the trees in the forest to get back to his family. This is a powerpoint game for teaching your students from counting 1-20 complete with sound effects in the forest and the bees sounds. 14 slides Slide 1- 6 The story and the game Slide 7-9 The students will practice counting from 1-20 Slide 10-14 Print these pages to practice writing numbers and words Make your students feel excited and motivated in your Math lesson. This is worth the try :)

The princess was lost in the forest while picking up the flowers. Help the princess get back to the castle! This is a Powerpoint game for counting 1-20 with the Princess story and a game. This presentation uses triggers and action buttons. This is complete with sound effects Contents: 18 slides 1. Animated Powerpoint slide with sound effects 2. Worksheets - Counting, Writing, and Coloring Slide 1 - Main cover (sound effects: 1. princess shouting, “help me!” 2.dragon roar) Slide 2 - Once upon a time, there lived a beautiful Princess named Annika. She lived in a castle just beyond the forest. She loved to walk in the forest and pick up flowers. (sound effect: graceful melody) Slide 3 - One day, Princess Annika walked a little far while picking flowers. She was lost and didn’t know her way back. (sound effect: fairy tale) Slide 4 - While she was walking, she heard a noise. She heard the noise again and it made her stop. Then, the bad witch comes! Counting the flowers 1-15 (sound effects: 1. dripping forest 2. witch coming 3. witch laughing 4. The princess shouting, “help me!” 5. button sounds appearing the numbers 6. kids woah) Slide 5 - As Princess Annika was walking, she saw a fairy. Then she asked for help. Princess: Hello Fairy, please show me the way to the castle. Fairy: I will show you the way to the castle but please help me count the butterflies. Princess: Ok sure! Counting the butterflies 1-20 (Sound effects: 1. fairytale harp chimes, 2. button sounds appearing the numbers 3. call out sounds 4. yahoo) Slide 6 - After counting the butterflies, the fairy showed her the way to the castle. While she was walking, she heard a noise. She heard the noise again. Then, the dragon comes! The prince appeared! Princess: Help me! Prince: Don’t be scared! The dragon is just hungry. Help me feed the dragon to calm him down! (sound effects: 1. thrilling sounds, 2.dragon roar, 3.princess shouting, “help me!”) Slide 7 - Let’s count the meat and feed the dragon! (sound effects: 1. dramatic 2. 2.dragon roar, 3. crunch sound while feeding the dragon 4. button sounds appearing the numbers 5. flying sounds 6. yeehaw) Counting meat 1-20 Slide 8 - And with that, Princess Annika promised to never go far away to pick flowers. Prince: You’re safe now! Princess: Thank you for your help! (sound effects: 1. fanfare 2. chimes) Slide 9 - 18 - Worksheets for printing How to run the game: 1. Unzip the downloaded file into a folder on your computer. 2. Print the worksheets. 3. Print the counting mats. 4. Open the game in Powerpoint presentation and wait for the animation to finish before clicking the next button to go the next slide.

72 Tricky Words Flashcards

This is a product to support the book, “Finger Phonics 7”. This is a very helpful teaching aid while you are teaching the Finger Phonics 7 book. This will make your lesson easy and exciting for the kids. They do add a great deal of interest and without question make it easier for the kids to listen and follow along. I have also included some pictures for the kids to understand the words that they are reading. You can also print this and make it as a wall decor. Some animated slides are used to assess the students’ understanding which includes: matching letter sounds with the pictures and matching the words and its meaning. Finger Phonics Group 7 qu, ou, oi, ue, er, ar qu- queen, quiet, liquid, squirrel ou - out, sour, cloud, found oi - oink, point, coin, boil ue - hue, value, rescue, barbeque er - her, dinner, sister, herb ar - art, start, park, car Helpful Tips: 1. They can make good fillers and warm-ups. 2. Good for revision, practice and test preparation. 3. They can reinforce instruction. 4. It can be done in pairs or small groups, helping develop communication and teamwork skills. 5. It can help stimulate independent learning. 6. They can provide a good deal of repetition, often vital for internalizing concepts. 7. They are useful for assessment of learning and/or progress. 8. Help them gain their confidence by going to the board and answer the matching type of test. This product goes along with these Power points:  Jolly Phonics 1 - satipn Animated Powerpoint (21 slides)  Jolly Phonics 2 - ckehrmd - Animated Powerpoint - 21 slides  Jolly Phonics -goulfb- Animated PPT (22 slides)  Jolly Phonics 4-ai, j, oa, ie, ee, or - Animated PPT (24 slides)  Jolly Phonics 5-z,w,ng,v,oo,oo - Animated PPT (23 slides)

This presentation uses triggers and action buttons. Each slide shows a picture of cvc/ccvc word made out of sounds from s, a, t, i, p, n, 24 slides Group 1 -satipn Words from Finger Phonics book 1 : s- sun, sand, nest, spots a- apple, man, jam, hat t- top, cats, tin, nut i- ill, sit, hill, lip p- pig, spin, pop, cup n- neck, hand, nip, man They can pick the letters/sounds they think make up the word one at a time by clicking on the letter (a bit like hangman but without penalties). When a letter is clicked it will drop down if it is incorrect – if it correct, it will appear in one of the curved rectangles by the picture. You will hear sound effects everytime you click on the letters. Jolly Phonics Blending (satipn) - Animated Powerpoint with sound effects in Sassoon font- is a very effective tool to support your Jolly Phonics lessons or any phonics program. It will make your lesson interesting, more exciting and will be much enjoyable for the students. This is a very helpful tool for teachers teaching the blending sounds. This can be a tool for reviewing what you have taught your students as well. ckehrmd - Phonics Blending game PPT with sound effects can be found here: Phonics Blending activity game- (c,k,e,h,r,m,d) Animated Powerpoint with sound effects goulfb - Phonics Blending game PPT with sound effects can be found here: Phonics Blending activity game- (g,o,u,l,f,b) Animated Powerpoint with sound effects Note: This product is to support Jolly Phonics Teaching and is not a product or endorsed by Jolly Phonics/Jolly Learning and can be used with many phonics programs. Don't forget to rate the product after purchasing to earn some credits. And please check my store for more Jolly Phonics inspired games, flash cards and PowerPoint games.

FREE version - Learning Letter Formation Powerpoint with sound effects- Sassoon font This product is only a free version with 4 slides including the main cover. This product can be used with any of your phonics program. If you like this product, please click here to go to the full version: https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/jolly-phonics-learning-letter-formation-animated-ppt-w-sounds-effects-sassoon-11736815 This product can also be printed as flashcards. All you have to do is delete the next, back and home buttons and you're ready to go! Teach your students or young ones the fun way to write the alphabet. This powerpoint is animated with sound effects. The sound effects will help you get the students attention and to make letter formation exciting for them. This product uses the Sassoon font which is the same with the Jolly Phonics Program. You can also incorporate this with any phonics program. Letters can be repeated as often as necessary and chosen in random order.This will work even if you do not have the Sassoon font installed as the letters/writing have been converted into png. These are the slides with the letter formation in the full version (uppercase and lowercase) s, a, t, i, p, n, c, k, ck, e, h, r, m, d, g, o, u, l, f, b, j, z, w, v, y, x, ch, sh, th, wh, qu, ai, oa, ee, ng, oo, ie, ou, oi, ue, ar, er, or and ay. How to use? A. Tracing/ Writing: 1. Click on the letter (uppercase/ lowercase), and an animated dot will appear tracing the letter slowly. 2. Click the letter again if you want to repeat tracing. 3. Click next to go to the next slide. 4. Click back to go to the previous slide. 5. Click home to go to the 2nd slide and choose which letter or digraphs you want to trace. B. Use this as a support while using the Jolly Phonics Workbooks 1-7 C. Use this to review some vocabularies with the corresponding sound before or after tracing. D. Use this as a game or competition. (Writing in the air) E. Use this as an activity to practice your students tracing or writing ability in the air before they write on the paper. This product goes along with these product: https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/jolly-phonics-alphabet-writing-practice-sheets-11736487 While you are showing this powerpoint to the students, they can practice writing using the dry erase markers with these mats: https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/jolly-phonics-playdough-dry-erase-mats-sassoon-font-45-pages-11736820 Note: This product is to support Jolly Phonics Teaching and is not a product or endorsed by Jolly Phonics/Jolly Learning and can be used with many phonics programs.