Notes cover the specification points 2.80 - 2.95B:
Stimulus, Receptor & Effector
Homeostasis
Stimuli in Plants
Geotropic & Phototropic Responses of Plants
Role of Auxin
Nervous & Hormonal Communication
Central Nervous System
Electrical Impulses
Neurotransmitters in Synapses
Structure & Function of Reflex Arc (with examples)
Structure & Function of the Eye
Function of the Eye in Focusing on Near & Distant Objects
Function of the Eye in Responding to Changes in Light Intensity
Vasoconstriction & Vasodilation
Sources, Roles & Effects of Adrenaline, Insulin, Testosterone, Progesterone & Oestrogen
Sources, Roles & Effects of ADH, FSH & LH
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Notes cover the specification points 5.12 - 5.16:
Restriction Enzymes
Plasmids & Viruses as Vectors
Manufacturing Human Insulin from GM Bacteria
Use of Genetically Modified Plants in Improving Food Production
Transgenic
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Notes cover the specification points 5.17B - 5.20B:
Process of Micropropagation
Producing Commercial Quantities of Genetically Identical Plants
Stages in the Production of Cloned Mammals
How Cloned Transgenic Animals are Used to Produce Human Proteins
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Notes cover the specification points 1.1 - 1.7C:
Properties of Three States of Matter
Interconversions of Three States of Matter
Results of Experiments Involving the Dilution of Coloured Solutions
& Diffusion of Gases
Solvent, Solute, Solution & Saturated Solutions
Solubility in the Units g per 100 g of Solvent
Plotting & Interpreting Solubility Curves
Investigating the Solubility of a Solid in Water at a Specific Temperature
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Notes cover the specification points 2.18 - 2.33B:
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis Word Equation & Balanced Chemical Equation
Factors Affecting Rate of Photosynthesis
Structure of a Leaf & Adaptations
Mineral Ions for Plants
Balanced Diet
Sources & Functions of Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, Vitamins, Minerals, Water and Dietary Fibre
Energy Requirements
Structure & Function of Human Alimentary Canal
Peristalsis
Roles of Digestive Enzymes
Production & Role of Bile
Adaptations of Small Intestine
Structure of Villus
Investigating Energy Content in Food Sample
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Revision Cards on the following:
Early Surgery (1840s)
Louis Pasteur - Germ Theory
Joseph Lister - Antiseptics
Blood Loss
James Simpson - Chloroform
John Snow - Cholera
Surgery Developments - Dr Robert Koch
Blood Transfusions - Dr Karl Landsteiner
X-Rays - Wilhelm Rontgen
Anaesthetics
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Notes cover the specification points 1.1 - 1.4:
Rapid Increase in World Population
Over-population & Under-population
Causes of Change in Population Size
Reasons for Contrasting Rates of Natural Population Change
Reasons for Population Migration
Impacts of Migration
Different Types of Population Structure (DTM & PP)
Factors Influencing the Density & Distribution of Population
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Notes cover the specification points 1.37 - 1.54C:
Ions
Charges of Metals & Non-Metals
Dot-and-Cross Diagrams of Ionic Compounds
Ionic Bonding & Electrostatic Attractions
Giant Ionic Lattices
Electric Conductivity of Ionic Compounds
Covalent Bonds & Electrostatic Attractions
Dot-and-Cross Diagrams of Covalent Bonds
Simple Molecular Structures
Relative Molecular Mass
Giant Covalent Structure
Structures of Diamond, Graphite & C60 Fullerene
Electrical Conductivity of Covalent Compounds
Metallic Lattice
Metallic Bonding & Electrostatic Attractions
Physical Properties of Metals
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Notes cover the specification points 1.2 - 1.4:
Describe the common features shown by eukaryotic organisms: plants, animals, fungi and protoctists
Describe the common features shown by prokaryotic organisms such as bacteria
Understand the term pathogen and know that pathogens may include fungi, bacteria, protoctists or viruses
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Notes cover the specification points 2.34 - 2.39:
ATP
Function of ATP
Aerobic & Anaerobic Respiration
Word Equation & Balanced Chemical Symbol Equation for Aerobic
Respiration in Living Organisms
Word Equation for Anaerobic Respiration in Plants & in Animals
Investigating Evolution of Carbon Dioxide & Heat from Respiring Seeds
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Notes cover the specification points 1.8 - 1.13:
Classifying Substances
Pure Substances - Melting & Boiling Point
Simple & Fractional Distillation
Filtration
Crystallisation
Paper Chromatography (using inks / food colourings)
Composition of a Mixture
Calculating Rf Values
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Notes cover the specification points 2.51 - 2.69:
Unicellular Organisms & Diffusion
Transport Systems in Multicellular Organisms
Role of Phloem
Role of Xylem
Absorption of Water by Root Hair Cells
Transpiration
Factors Affecting Rate of Transpiration (Humidity, Wind Spped, Temperature & Light)
Transpiration Practical
Composition of Blood (Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells, Platelets & Plasma)
Role of Plasma
Adaptations of Red Blood Cells
Response of Immune System to Disease (Phagocytes & Lymphocytes)
Vaccination (Memory Cells & Antibodies)
Structure & Function of the Heart
Changes in Heart Rate from Exercise & Adrenaline
Factors Increasing the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease
Structure & Function of Arteries, Veins & Capillaries
Structure of Circulation System
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Notes cover the Specification Points 3.1 - 3.39:
Reproduction (Sexual + Asexual)
Fertilisation
Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Reproduction in Humans
Reproductive Hormones (FSH, LH, Oestrogen, Progesterone)
Menstrual Cycle
Placenta
DNA & Chromosomes
Base Pairs
RNA
Protein Synthesis (Transcription and Translation)
Alleles
Genetic Definitions (Homozygous, Heterozygous, etc.)
Codominance
Polygenic Inheeritance
Monohybrid Inheritance
Family Pedigrees
Sex Chromosomes
Mitosis & Meiosis
Genetic Variation
Diploid & Haploid Cells
Mutations
Natural Selection
Antibiotic Resistance
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Notes cover the specification points 5.1 - 5.9B:
Glasshouses & Polythene Tunnels
Effects on Crop Yield of Increased Carbon Dioxide & Temperature
Use of Fertilisers
Pest Control
Advantages & Disadvantages of Pesticides and Biological Control
Role of Yeast in Production of Food
Role of Bacteria (Lactobacillus) in Production of Yoghurt
Use of an Industrial Fermenter
Conditions of a Fermenter
Fish Farming
Methods Used to Farm Large Numbers of Fish
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Notes cover the specification points 5.10 - 5.11:
Selective Breeding in Plants
Selective Breeding in Animals
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Notes cover the specification points 2.2 - 2.28:
Insulation, Double Insulation, Earthing, Fuses, Circuit Breakers
Current in Resistors
Power, Current, Voltage
Energy Transferred, Current, Voltage, Time
Alternating and Direct Current
Series and Parallel Circuits
Current in Series Circuit
Variation of Current in Wires, Resistors, Metal Filaments and Diodes
Drawing Basic Circuits
Effects of Changing Resistance
LDRs, Lamps and LEDs
Voltage, Current, Resistance
Charge, Current, Time
Electric Current in Solid Metals
Energy Transferred, Charge, Voltage
Conductors and Insulators
Charging Insulating Materials by Friction
How positive and negative electrostatic charges are produced on
materials
Forces of Attraction and Repulsion
Electrostatic Phenomena
Dangers of Electrostatic Charges
Uses of Electrostatic Charges
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Notes cover the following points:
2.7 Identify the chemical elements present in carbohydrates, proteins and lipids
(fats and oils)
2.8 Describe the structure of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids as large molecules made up from smaller basic units
2.9 Practical: investigate food samples for the presence of glucose, starch, protein and fat
2.10 Understand the role of enzymes as biological catalysts in metabolic reactions
2.11 Understand how temperature changes can affect enzyme function, including changes to the shape of active site
2.12 Practical: investigate how enzyme activity can be affected by changes in temperature
2.13 Understand how enzyme function can be affected by changes in pH altering the active site
2.14 Practical: investigate how enzyme activity can be affected by changes in pH
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Notes on the following:
The difference between: primary, secondary and off-line storage with
examples of each, such as:
Primary: Read Only Memory (ROM) and Random Access Memory (RAM)
Secondary: hard disk drive (HDD) and Solid State Drive (SSD); off-line: Digital Versatile Disc (DVD), Compact Disc (CD), Blu-ray disc, USB flash memory and removable HDD
The principles of operation of a range of types of storage device and media including magnetic, optical and solid state
How these principles are applied to currently available storage solutions, such as SSDs, HDDs, USB, flash memory, DVDs, CDs and Blu-ray discs
Calculating the storage requirement of a file
Advantages and disadvantages of different methods of storing music / movie files
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Notes cover the specification points 1.14 - 1.17:
Atoms & Molecules
Structure of an Atom
Positions, Relative Masses & Relative Charges of Sub-Atomic Particles
Atomic Number
Mass number
Isotopes
Relative Atomic Mass (Ar)
Calculating Relative Atomic Mass
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Notes cover the specification points 2.2 - 2.6B:
Describe cell structures, including the nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall, mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes and vacuole
Describe the functions of the nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall,
mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes and vacuole
Know the similarities and differences in the structure of plant and animal cells
Explain the importance of cell differentiation in the development of
specialised cells
Understand the advantages and disadvantages of using stem cells in
medicine
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