1.3.1 Product/service design a) Design mix: o function o aesthetics o cost b) Changes in the elements of the design mix to reflect social trends: o concern over resource depletion: designing for waste minimisation, re-use and recycling o ethical sourcing 1.3.2 Branding and promotion a) Types of promotion b) Types of branding c) The benefits of strong branding: o added value o ability to charge premium prices o reduced price elasticity of demand d) Ways to build a brand o unique selling points (USPs)/differentiation o advertising o sponsorship o the use of social media e) Changes in branding and promotion to reflect social trends: o viral marketing o social media o emotional branding 1.3.3 Pricing strategies a) Types of pricing strategy: o cost plus (calculating mark-up on unit cost) o price skimming o penetration o predatory o competitive o psychological b) Factors that determine the most appropriate pricing strategy for a particular situation: o number of USPs/amount of differentiation o price elasticity of demand o level of competition in the business environment o strength of brand o stage in the product life cycle o costs and the need to make a profit c) Changes in pricing to reflect social trends: o online sales o price comparison sites 1.3.4 Distribution a) Distribution channels b) Changes in distribution to reflect social trends: o online distribution o changing from product to service 1.3.5 Marketing strategy a) The product life cycle b) Extension strategies: o product o promotion c) Boston Matrix and the product portfolio d) Marketing strategies appropriate for different types of market: o mass markets o niche markets o business to business (B2B) and business to consumer (B2C) marketing e) Consumer behaviour – how businesses develop customer loyalty

Pearson Edexcel International GCSE in Business 1.4.1 The main factors influencing location decisions 1.4.1 The main factors influencing location decisions and relocation of a business: • proximity to market, labour, materials and competitors • nature of the business activity • the impact of the internet on location decisions - e-commerce and/or fixed premises • legal controls and trade blocs. This is a complete lesson with a teacher PowerPoint and a student worksheet. Written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

This lesson is suitable for students that need extra support with the tricky topic of critical path analysis (CPA) It is written for students studying Edexcel A level Business but would also suit students on the Pearson International Edexcel A level business course. This includes a worksheet and a separate answer booklet in Word and PDF format Written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

This lesson is suitable for students that need extra support with the tricky topic of ratio analysis It is written for students studying Edexcel A level Business but would also suit students on the Pearson International Edexcel A level business course. This includes a worksheet and a separate answer booklet in Word and PDF format Written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

Students should be able to identify and analyse where there may be a possible trade off between ethics and profit understand that ethical behaviour requires businesses to act in ways that stakeholders consider to be both fair and honest demonstrate knowledge and understanding of how business and consumers accept greater environmental responsibility in their decision making and the costs and benefits of businesses behaving this way identify and analyse where there may be a possible trade-off between sustainability and profit Students are expected to know relevant examples of ways in which a business can behave ethically and the benefits and drawbacks of ethical behaviour. This complete lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

Students should be able to: demonstrate and understand how businesses might be affected by changes in the rate of interest how fluctuating interest rates can affect businesses that rely on overdrafts and loans for finance how fluctuating interest rates can affect consumer and business spending. identify how and why businesses might be affected by changes in levels of employment discuss how demand for products and services may change as incomes fluctuate This complete lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

Students should: have an understanding of customer expectations of quality in terms of production of goods and the provision of services have an understanding of how businesses identify quality problems and how businesses measure quality and the consequences of these issues be aware of the methods of maintaining consistent quality and be able to identify the advantages to a business of using TQM be aware of the possible quality issues as businesses grow, particularly if outsourcing and franchising is used This complete lesson is made by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

This lesson covers: Organic growth Increasing output, gaining new customers, developing new products, increasing market share External growth Mergers, takeovers – including horizontal and vertical, diversification This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

New Pearson Edexcel A Level International Business (134) 1 Approaches to staffing This lesson covers: a) Staff as an asset; staff as a cost. b) Flexible workforce: • multi-skilling • part-time and temporary • zero-hour contracts • flexible hours and home working • outsourcing. c) Distinction between dismissal and redundancy. d) Employer/employee relationships • individual approach • collective bargaining. This lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

AS(7131) A-level (7132) Specifications For teaching from September 2023 onwards For as exams in May/June 2024 onwards For a-level exams in May/June 2025 onwards Version 2.0 This lesson covers: Models of organisational structure Functional Product based Regional Matrix Influences on organisational design authority span hierarchy delegation centralisation and decentralisation The value of changing organisational design How managing the human resource flow helps meet human resource objectives: human resource plan recruitment training redeployment redundancy This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

AS(7131) A-level (7132) Specifications For teaching from September 2023 onwards For as exams in May/June 2024 onwards For a-level exams in May/June 2025 onwards Version 2.0 This lesson covers: The benefits of motivated and engaged employees Theories of motivation should include Taylor, Maslow and Herzberg. How to improve employee engagement and motivation Financial methods of motivation should include: piece rate commission salary schemes performance-related pay Non-financial methods of motivating employees Empowerment Team working Flexible working Job enrichment Job rotation Influences on the choice and assessment of the effectiveness of financial and non-financial methods of motivating employees This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

AS(7131) A-level (7132) Specifications For teaching from September 2023 onwards For as exams in May/June 2024 onwards For a-level exams in May/June 2025 onwards Version 2.0 This lesson covers: How to assess the financial performance of a business using balance sheets, income statements financial ratios profitability (return on capital employed) liquidity (current ratio) gearing Efficiency ratios: payables days receivables days inventory turnover The value of financial ratios when assessing performance Data may be analysed over time or in comparison with other businesses. This lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

234 Resource Management 3 INVENTORY CONTROL This complete lesson includes: a) Interpretation of inventory control diagram b) Buffer inventory c) Implications of poor inventory control d) Just in time (JIT) e) Waste minimisation f) Competitive advantage from lean production This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

a) The impact of movements in exchange rates b) Competitive advantage through: o cost competitiveness o differentiation c) Skill shortages and their impact on international competitiveness This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a student worksheet Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

a) Spreading risk over different countries/regions b) Entering new markets/trade blocs c) Acquiring national/international brand names/patents d) Securing resources/supplies e) Maintaining/increasing global competitiveness This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a student worksheet Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

a) Exports and imports b) The link between business specialisation and competitive advantage c) Foreign direct investment (FDI) and link to business growth This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a student worksheet Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

235 External influences 3 THE COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT This complete lesson includes: a) The effects on businesses of competition in terms of competitor: • numbers • size • behaviour b) Ways for a small business to compete in a competitive market This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

a) Push factors: o saturated markets o competition b) Pull factors: o economies of scale o risk spreading c) Possibility of off-shoring and outsourcing d) Extending the product life cycle by selling in multiple markets This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a student worksheet Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet and covers: a) Factors leading to a change in demand: changes in the prices of substitutes and complementary goods changes in consumer incomes fashions, tastes and preferences advertising and branding demographics external shocks seasonality Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet and covers: a)The interaction of supply and demand b) The drawing and interpretation of supply and demand diagrams to show the causes and consequences of price changes Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation