I am a very experienced chemistry teacher and have produced many quality resources which have been extensively tested in the classroom. My resources aim to engage the students and lighten the planning load for the teacher. A distinctive feature is the use of unique images, often animated, to explain concepts. The resources include interactive PowerPoints, activities and games, quizzes, worksheets with answers and exam style questions. Please review my resources!
I am a very experienced chemistry teacher and have produced many quality resources which have been extensively tested in the classroom. My resources aim to engage the students and lighten the planning load for the teacher. A distinctive feature is the use of unique images, often animated, to explain concepts. The resources include interactive PowerPoints, activities and games, quizzes, worksheets with answers and exam style questions. Please review my resources!
This complete year 12 resource (2 lessons) on moles and reactions includes reacting masses, stoichiometry, molar ratios and using moles to calculate quantities from chemical reactions (mass, concentration and volume of gases). It features a 33 slide interactive PowerPoint that illustrates the concepts in a lively, visual and systematic way and includes a starter, learning checks, clearly explained example calculations, and a plenary. A 24 page worksheet and answers to all exercises are provided.
This lesson is part of a series covering the OCR AS Chemistry specification and relates to the following sections:
Module 2 – Foundations in chemistry
Part 1 – Atoms and reactions
2.1.3 – Amount of substance
Content covered:
• Balanced chemical equations and stoichiometry
• Molar ratios
• Using molar ratio to calculate amounts in moles of reactants and products in a chemical reaction
• Using molar ratio to calculate masses of reactants and products in a chemical reaction (reacting masses)
• Using molar ratio to calculate volumes of gases in a chemical reaction
• Flow diagrams showing steps in calculations involving quantities of reacting substances
• Example calculations – clearly illustrated in a highly visual way
Duration: 2 lessons
Please review!
Links
Previous topic: topic 8 – Moles and concentrations of solutions https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/moles-and-concentration-of-solutions-ocr-as-chemistry-12391026
Next topic: topic 10 – Percentage yield and atom economy (free resource)
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/resource-12745344
Free resource - standard form, decimal places and significant figures
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/standard-form-decimal-places-and-significant-figures-a-level-chemistry-12405507
Bundle covering whole of 2.1.3 – Amount of substance
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/moles-masses-concentrations-gas-volumes-and-reactions-12404451
This complete year 12 lesson on covalent bonding includes dot-and-cross diagrams, single, double, triple and dative covalent bonds as well as lone pairs, exceptions to the Octet Rule and bond enthalpies. It features a 37 slide animated PowerPoint that illustrates the concepts in a lively and visual way and includes a starter, learning checks, animations, clearly explained examples including dot-and-cross diagrams, and a plenary discussion. A 12 page worksheet and answers to the exercises are provided.
This resource is part of a series covering the OCR AS Chemistry specification and relates to the following sections:
Module 2 – Foundations in chemistry
Part 2 – Electrons, bonding and structure
2.2.2 Bonding and structure
Content covered:
• Definition of a covalent bond
• Single, double and triple covalent bonds
• Lone pairs
• How to construct dot-and-cross diagrams
• Dative covalent or coordinate bonds
• The Octet Rule and exceptions
• Average bond enthalpies
Duration: 1-2 lessons
Please review!
Links
Previous topic: Topic 15 Ionic bonding OCR AS Chemistry https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/resource-12598361
Next topic: Topic 17 – Shapes of molecules and ions OCR AS Chemistry https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/resource-12220291
This bundle is ideal for classroom or home learning and covers electronegativity and bond polarity, intermolecular forces and structure and bonding. It includes part of the OCR A level chemistry specification section 2.2.2 and part of 3.1.1.
Each topic includes a fully interactive PowerPoint including starter, group activities, questions and plenary along with a worksheet. Answers to all exercises are provided. Some of the resources include a PowerPoint quiz.
Content covered:
Electronegativity and bond polarity
• Definition of electronegativity
• Atomic core and calculation of core charge
• Factors affecting electronegativity
• Pauling scale of electronegativity
• Electronegativity and bond polarity
• Non-polar and polar covalent bonds
• Electronegativity and bonding type (including intermediate bonding)
• Polarity of molecules from the bond polarities and the molecular shape
• Predicting whether a molecule will have an overall dipole from its symmetry
Intermolecular forces
• What are intermolecular forces?
• Strengths of bonds and intermolecular forces
• Types of intermolecular forces
• Induced dipole-dipole interactions (London (dispersion) forces)
• How London forces arise
• Factors affecting strength of London forces
• Permanent dipole-dipole interactions
• How permanent dipole-dipole interactions arise
• How intermolecular forces affect properties
• Hydrogen bonding
• What’s special about hydrogen bonds
• Effects of hydrogen bonds on properties
• Special properties of water
• Summary of intermolecular forces
• Predicting the type of intermolecular forces
Structure and bonding
• Factors influencing physical properties
• The way the atoms/ions are grouped together (structure)
• The type of particles the solid is built up from
• The bonds or forces holding these particles together
• Structure and physical properties of ionic compounds (see also topic 15)
• Structures and physical properties of covalent substances including giant covalent and simple molecular
• Diamond and graphite – structures and properties
• Graphene
• Metallic bonding, structure and physical properties
• Summary of types of bonding
• Jigsaw discussion to summarise 4 main types of structure and their properties
Links
Next lesson – free resource: Topic 21 – the Periodic Table past and present
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/periodic-table-past-and-present-ocr-as-chemistry-12964450
This complete year 12 lesson on structure and bonding includes structures and physical properties of giant ionic, giant covalent, giant metallic and simple molecular substances. The factors affecting physical properties are discussed, including structure, types of particles the lattice is built up from and the bonds or forces holding these particles together. The resource features a 52 slide animated PowerPoint that illustrates the concepts in a lively and visual way and includes a starter, learning checks, animations, clearly explained examples, a jigsaw discussion and a plenary quiz. A 15 page worksheet and answers to the exercises are provided.
This resource is part of a series covering the OCR AS Chemistry specification and relates to the following sections:
Module 2 – Foundations in chemistry
Part 2 – Electrons, bonding and structure
2.2.2 Bonding and structure (part)
Module 3 – Periodic table and energy
Part 1 – the Periodic Table
3.1.1 Periodicity (part)
Content covered:
• Factors influencing physical properties
• The way the atoms/ions are grouped together (structure)
• The type of particles the lattice is built up from
• The bonds or forces holding these particles together
• Structure and physical properties of ionic compounds (see also topic 15)
• Structures and physical properties of covalent substances including giant covalent and simple molecular structures
• Diamond and graphite – structures and properties
• Graphene
• Metallic bonding, structure and physical properties
• Summary of types of bonding
• Jigsaw discussion to summarise 4 main types of structure and their properties
Duration: 2 lessons
Please review!
Links
Previous topic: Topic 19 – Intermolecular forces
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/intermolecular-forces-ocr-as-chemistry-12927621
Next topic: Topic 21 The Periodic Table past and present
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/periodic-table-past-and-present-ocr-as-chemistry-12964450
This bundle is ideal for classroom or home learning and covers the whole of the OCR A level chemistry specification sections 2.1 - Atoms and Reactions
Each topic includes a fully interactive PowerPoint including starter, group activities, questions and plenary along with a worksheet and a lesson plan. Answers to all exercises are provided. Some of the resources include a PowerPoint quiz. A practical activity on titration is also included.
This bundle relates to the following sections of the OCR AS Chemistry specification:
Module 2 – Foundations in chemistry
Part 1 – Atoms and reactions (whole)
2.1.1 – Atomic structure and isotopes
2.1.2 – Compounds, formulae and equations
2.1.3 – Amount of substance
2.1.4 – Acids
2.1.5 − Redox
Content covered:
The changing atom
How Science Works - HSW7 - The changing accepted models of atomic structure over time.
The contributions of five scientists to the development of the theory of atomic structure.
Atomic structure
• Protons, neutrons and electrons – mass and relative charge
• Atomic number and mass number
• Isotopes
• Key definitions
Atomic masses
• Relative masses - comparison of masses to carbon-12
• Calculating relative atomic mass from the masses and abundances of the isotopes
• Mass spectrometry and its use in the above
• Calculating relative molecular and relative formula masses from formulae
• Key definitions of relative atomic mass and relative isotopic mass
Formulae and equations
• Formulae of ions
• Predicting ionic charges from the Periodic Table
• Writing the formulae of ionic compounds and elements
• Writing and balancing equations
• Common types of reaction and their equations
Amount of substance and the mole
• Relative masses and the mole
• Avogadro constant
• Calculating number of atoms
• Amount of substance
• Molar mass
• Calculating amount of substance from total mass and vice versa
• Mole triangle
Determining formulae
• Definitions and use of the terms empirical and molecular formula
• Simplest whole number ratios
• Calculations of empirical and molecular formulae, from composition by mass or percentage compositions by mass and relative molecular mass
• Calculating % by mass from the formula
• The terms anhydrous, hydrated and water of crystallisation
• Calculation of the formula of a hydrated salt from given percentage composition, mass composition or based on experimental results
Moles and gas volumes
• Molar volume of a gas
• Moles and gas volume triangle
• Summary of relationships for gases between amount of substance, volume, mass and number of molecules
• Calculating amount of substance from volume of gas and vice versa
• Ideal gases
• The ideal gas equation
Moles and concentrations of solutions
• Definitions and use of the terms concentration and mass concentration
• Concentrated and dilute
• Relationship between concentration, amount in mol and volume including concentration triangle
• Calculating concentration, amount in mol, volume and mass from given data
• Example calculations
• Mass concentrations
• Choosing the correct glassware to measure volumes
• Standard solutions
• Practical activity – making up a standard solution
• Diluting solutions and calculations
• Practical activity – diluting solutions
Moles and reactions
• Balanced chemical equations and stoichiometry
• Molar ratios
• Using molar ratio to calculate amounts in moles of reactants and products in a chemical reaction
• Using molar ratio to calculate masses of reactants and products in a chemical reaction
• Using molar ratio to calculate volumes of gases in a chemical reaction
• Flow diagrams showing steps in calculations involving quantities of reacting substances
• Example calculations – clearly illustrated in a highly visual way
Percentage yield and atom economy
• Introduction to Green Chemistry
• Reasons why reactions do not have 100% yield
• % yield and how to calculate it
• Calculations of % yield involving limiting reactant
• Atom economy and its importance in the sustainability of a chemical process
• Calculating atom economy
• Example calculations – clearly illustrated in a highly visual way
• Differences between atom economy and % yield
• Comparing chemical processes in terms of sustainability (using production of ethanol as an example)
Acids and bases
• Definitions of acid, base, alkali and salt
• Formulae of acids, bases, alkalis and salts
• The relationship between bases and alkalis
• The pH scale
• Everyday examples of acids and bases
• Weak and strong acids
• Diprotic acids
• Writing and balancing neutralization reactions (including acid-carbonate reactions)
• Ionic equations
Acid-base titrations
• Titration and uses
• Standard solution
• Glassware and procedure for titration with detailed hints for technique
• Reading burette
• Recording titration results and calculating the mean
• Titration calculations
• Examples of structured and unstructured calculations
• Revision of calculations involving masses and volumes
• Practical titration activity
• Evaluation of titration experiment
• Uncertainties and calculating % uncertainties
• Procedural errors
Redox
• Redox definition in terms of electron transfer
• Oxidation numbers and how to calculate them
• Oxidation number in chemical names
• Redox definition in terms of oxidation number
• Using oxidation numbers to identify redox reactions and determine what has been oxidised and reduced
• Oxidising and reducing agents
• Disproportionation as oxidation and reduction of the same element
Links
Next bundle:
Electrons and bonding
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/electrons-and-bonding-ocr-as-chemistry-12605443
Next topic
Topic 14 – Electron configuration – shells, sub-shells and orbitals
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/electron-configuration-shells-sub-shells-and-orbitals-ocr-as-chemistry-12207312
This complete year 12 lesson covers the periodicity of ionisation energies and melting points. The section on ionisation energies includes the successive ionisation energies of a particular element and the variation in first ionisation energies across periods and down groups. The section on melting points includes the periodicity of structure and the variation in melting points across the periodic table. The resource features a 60 slide animated PowerPoint that illustrates and explains the concepts in a lively and visual way; it includes several interactive slides that link to other slides to allow a non-linear progression through the concepts. A starter and plenary are also included. An 18 page worksheet and answers to all exercises are provided.
This resource is part of a series covering the OCR AS Chemistry specification and relates to the following sections:
Module 3 – Periodic table and energy
Part 1 – The periodic table
3.1.1 Periodicity
Content covered:
• First ionisation energy – definition
• Factors affecting ionisation energies: nuclear charge, atomic radius and shielding
• Explanation of shielding
• Successive ionisation energies
• Predicting group from successive ionisation energies
• Periodicity of first ionisation energies
• Trends across a period and down a group
• Explanations of small decreases from group 2 to group 3 and from group 5 to group 6
• Periodicity of structure of elements: giant metallic, giant covalent and simple molecular structures
• Periodicity of melting points and explanation in terms of structure.
Duration: 2 lessons
Please review!
Links
Previous topic: Topic 21 – Periodic table past and present OCR AS Chemistry
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/periodic-table-past-and-present-ocr-as-chemistry-12964450
Next topic: Topic 23 - Group 2 (in preparation)
Related topic: Topic 20 Structure and bonding
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/structure-and-bonding-ocr-as-chemistry-12933603
Includes a fully interactive PowerPoint quiz on writing the formulae of ions and compounds! This complete lesson is ideal for classroom or home learning. It features a 32 slide interactive PowerPoint including starter, group activities, questions and plenary along with an 8 page worksheet and a lesson plan. Answers to all exercises are provided.
This lesson is part of a series covering the OCR AS Chemistry specification and relates to the following sections:
Module 2 – Foundations in chemistry
Part 1 – Atoms and reactions
2.1.2 Compounds, formulae and equations
Please review!
Content covered:
• Formulae of ions
• Predicting ionic charges from the Periodic Table
• Writing the formulae of ionic compounds and elements
• Writing and balancing equations
• Common types of reaction and their equations
Duration: one lesson
Links
Previous lesson: topic 3 – Atomic masses
Next lesson: topic 5 – Amount of substance and the mole
Bundle covering the whole of the OCR A level chemistry specification sections 2.1.1 and 2.1.2. (topics 1-4)
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/atomic-masses-formulae-and-equations-ocr-as-chemistry-12348685
Unique package of interactive PowerPoint and paper based activities that can be used for independent work or in the classroom. This resource covers A2 organic aliphatic synthetic routes through a 28 slide interactive PowerPoint that is based on a clear chart of numbered synthetic routes, where each number is linked to a page detailing that reaction. Information given includes type of reaction, reagents and conditions and an equation, as well as key definitions. In addition most reactions have an animated mechanism or structural equation. There are links to pages describing and explaining practical techniques, where relevant .
Also included are a blank chart of the synthetic routes for printing (preferably A3 size), together with a blank table for practicing types of reaction and reagents and conditions. Full answers are provided.
This resourced was produced primarily for OCR A level chemistry but would be useful for other boards as well.
It relates particularly to the following sections:
Module 6 – Organic chemistry and analysis
Part 2 – Nitrogen compounds, polymers and synthesis
6.2.5 Organic synthesis
Please review!
Content covered
• A2 aliphatic synthetic routes
• Extending carbon chain length (carbon-carbon bond formation)
• Animated mechanisms
• Key definitions
• Heating under reflux
• Distillation
• Reaction classification
• Reagents and conditions
• Structural equations
Duration: 1-2 lessons and/or independent study
Links
Please see also:
organic synthesis - aromatic
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/organic-synthesis-aromatic-12200558
AS organic synthesis
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/as-organic-synthesis-12254256
This complete year 12 lesson on moles and gas volumes is ideal for classroom or home learning and features a 45 slide interactive PowerPoint that aims to illustrate the concepts in a visual way and includes starter, learning checks, example calculations, multiple choice quiz, and plenary. An 8 page worksheet, a lesson plan and answers to all exercises are provided.
This lesson is part of a series covering the OCR AS Chemistry specification and relates to the following sections:
Module 2 – Foundations in chemistry
Part 1 – Atoms and reactions
2.1.3 – Amount of substance
Content covered:
• Molar volume of a gas
• Moles and gas volume triangle
• Summary of relationships for gases between amount of substance, volume, mass and number of molecules
• Calculating amount of substance from volume of gas and vice versa
• Ideal gases
• The ideal gas equation
Duration: 1 lesson
Please review!
Links
Previous lesson: Topic 6 - Determining formulae
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/determining-formulae-ocr-as-chemistry-12347977
Next lesson: Topic 8 – Moles and solutions
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/moles-and-concentration-of-solutions-ocr-as-chemistry-12391026
Free resource - standard form, decimal places and significant figures
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/standard-form-decimal-places-and-significant-figures-a-level-chemistry-12405507
This complete year 12 lesson on ionic bonding includes dot-and-cross diagrams, giant ionic lattices and the physical properties of ionic compounds. It features a 51 slide animated PowerPoint that illustrates the concepts in a lively and visual way and includes a starter, learning checks, animations, clearly explained examples including dot-and-cross diagrams, and a plenary quiz. An 11 page worksheet and answers to the exercises are provided.
This resource is part of a series covering the OCR AS Chemistry specification and relates to the following sections:
Module 2 – Foundations in chemistry
Part 2 – Electrons, bonding and structure
2.2.2 Bonding and structure
Content covered:
• Ionic bonding and the Periodic Table
• Predicting ionic formulae
• Definition of ionic bonding
• Dot-and-cross diagrams – some of them animated
• Half equations
• Giant ionic lattice
• Physical properties of ionic compounds including
o melting point
o electrical conductivity
o solubility in polar and non-polar solvents
Duration: 1-2 lessons
Please review!
Links
Previous topic: Topic 14 – Electron configuration – shells, sub-shells and orbitals OCR AS Chemistry
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/resource-12207312
Next topic: Topic 16 – Covalent bonding OCR AS Chemistry
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/resource-12605422
This complete year 12 lesson on reactions of alkanes covers part of OCR sections 4.1.2 (Alkanes). Content covered includes reactivity of alkanes, combustion reactions and substitution by halogens including the radical substitution mechanism. The resource features a 38 slide animated PowerPoint along with a 13 page workbook. There is a starter activity and a plenary activity with timer. Exam tips and answers to the exercise are provided. Ideal for the classroom or blended learning, this resource could be used as an introduction to the topic, or for revision, extension or consolidation.
This lesson is part of a series covering the OCR AS Chemistry specification and relates to the following part of the specification:
Module 4 – Core organic chemistry
Part 1 – Basic concepts and hydrocarbons
4.1.2 − Alkanes
Content covered:
Reactivity of alkanes
Combustion of alkanes – complete and incomplete
Balancing combustion equations
Radicals and dot-and-cross diagrams
Radical chain reactions
Radical substitution of alkanes by halogens
Mechanism including initiation, propagation and termination
Limitations to the use of radical substitution in synthesis of halogenoalkanes
Duration: 1 lesson
Please review!
Links
Previous lesson: topic 45 – Introduction to alkanes (free resource)
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/introduction-to-alkanes-ocr-as-chemistry-12654263
Next lesson: topic 47 – Alkenes (in preparation)
Lesson on naming hydrocarbons:
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/naming-hydrocarbons-with-quiz-as-12243823
Lesson on isomerism, including further information on shapes of alkanes and alkenes:
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/isomerism-ocr-as-chemistry-12634065
This complete year 12 resource (1-2 lessons) on moles and concentrations of solutions is ideal for classroom or home learning and includes concentration, mass concentration, standard solutions and dilution. It features a 71 slide interactive PowerPoint that aims to illustrate the concepts in a visual and systematic way and includes a starter, learning checks, clearly explained example calculations, and a plenary. A 19 page worksheet and answers to all exercises are provided.
This lesson is part of a series covering the OCR AS Chemistry specification and relates to the following sections:
Module 2 – Foundations in chemistry
Part 1 – Atoms and reactions
2.1.3 – Amount of substance
Content covered:
• Definitions and use of the terms concentration and mass concentration
• Concentrated and dilute
• Relationship between concentration, amount in mol and volume including concentration triangle
• Calculating concentration, amount in mol, volume and mass from given data
• Example calculations
• Mass concentrations
• Choosing the correct glassware to measure volumes
• Standard solutions
• Practical activity – making up a standard solution
• Diluting solutions and calculations
• Practical activity – diluting solutions
Duration: 1-2 lessons
Please review!
Links
Previous lesson: Topic 7 - Moles and gas volumes
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/moles-and-gas-volumes-ocr-as-chemistry-12336053
Next lesson: Topic 9 - Moles and reactions
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/moles-and-reactions-ocr-as-chemistry-12404411
Free resource - standard form, decimal places and significant figures
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/standard-form-decimal-places-and-significant-figures-a-level-chemistry-12405507
This bundle is ideal for classroom or home learning and covers the whole of the OCR A level chemistry specification section 2.1.3 - Amount of Substance (together with the free resource - topic 10 Percentage yield and atom economy)
Each topic includes a fully interactive PowerPoint including starter, group activities, questions and plenary along with a worksheet and a lesson plan. Answers to all exercises are provided. Some of the resources include a PowerPoint quiz.
This bundle is the second in a series covering the OCR AS Chemistry specification and relates to the following sections:
Module 2 – Foundations in chemistry
Part 1 – Atoms and reactions
2.1.3 – Amount of substance
Content covered
Amount of substance and the mole
• Relative masses and the mole
• Avogadro constant
• Calculating number of atoms
• Amount of substance
• Molar mass
• Calculating amount of substance from total mass and vice versa
• Mole triangle
Determining formulae
• Definitions and use of the terms empirical and molecular formula
• Simplest whole number ratios
• Calculations of empirical and molecular formulae, from composition by mass or percentage compositions by mass and relative molecular mass
• Calculating % by mass from the formula
• The terms anhydrous, hydrated and water of crystallisation
• Calculation of the formula of a hydrated salt from given percentage composition, mass composition or based on experimental results
Moles and gas volumes
• Molar volume of a gas
• Moles and gas volume triangle
• Summary of relationships for gases between amount of substance, volume, mass and number of molecules
• Calculating amount of substance from volume of gas and vice versa
• Ideal gases
• The ideal gas equation
Moles and concentrations of solutions
• Definitions and use of the terms concentration and mass concentration
• Concentrated and dilute
• Relationship between concentration, amount in mol and volume including concentration triangle
• Calculating concentration, amount in mol, volume and mass from given data
• Example calculations
• Mass concentrations
• Choosing the correct glassware to measure volumes
• Standard solutions
• Practical activity – making up a standard solution
• Diluting solutions and calculations
• Practical activity – diluting solutions
Moles and reactions
• Balanced chemical equations and stoichiometry
• Molar ratios
• Using molar ratio to calculate amounts in moles of reactants and products in a chemical reaction
• Using molar ratio to calculate masses of reactants and products in a chemical reaction
• Using molar ratio to calculate volumes of gases in a chemical reaction
• Flow diagrams showing steps in calculations involving quantities of reacting substances
• Example calculations – clearly illustrated in a highly visual way
Percentage yield and atom economy
• Introduction to Green Chemistry
• Reasons why reactions do not have 100% yield
• % yield and how to calculate it
• Calculations of % yield involving limiting reactant
• Atom economy and its importance in the sustainability of a chemical process
• Calculating atom economy
• Example calculations – clearly illustrated in a highly visual way
• Differences between atom economy and % yield
• Comparing chemical processes in terms of sustainability (using production of ethanol as an example)
Links
Previous bundle:
Atomic structure, masses, formulae and equations https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/atomic-masses-formulae-and-equations-ocr-as-chemistry-12348685
Free resource - standard form, decimal places and significant figures
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/standard-form-decimal-places-and-significant-figures-a-level-chemistry-12405507
This complete year 12 resource (1-2 lessons) on determining formulae is ideal for classroom or home learning and includes calculating empirical formulae, molecular formulae and formulae of hydrated salts. It features a 37 slide interactive PowerPoint that aims to illustrate the concepts in a visual and systematic way and includes a starter, learning checks, clearly explained example calculations, and a plenary. A 13 page worksheet, a lesson plan and answers to all exercises are provided.
This lesson is part of a series covering the OCR AS Chemistry specification and relates to the following sections:
Module 2 – Foundations in chemistry
Part 1 – Atoms and reactions
2.1.3 – Amount of substance
Content covered:
• Definitions and use of the terms empirical and molecular formula
• Simplest whole number ratios
• Calculations of empirical and molecular formulae, from composition by mass or percentage compositions by mass and relative molecular mass
• Calculating % by mass from the formula
• The terms anhydrous, hydrated and water of crystallisation
• Calculation of the formula of a hydrated salt from given percentage composition, mass composition or based on experimental results
Duration: 1-2 lessons
Please review!
Links
Previous lesson: Topic 5 - Amount of substance and the mole
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/amount-and-moles-ocr-as-chemistry-12190652
Next lesson: Topic 7 – Moles and gas volumes
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/moles-and-gas-volumes-ocr-as-chemistry-12336053
Free resource - standard form, decimal places and significant figures
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/standard-form-decimal-places-and-significant-figures-a-level-chemistry-12405507
This bundle is ideal for classroom or home learning and covers the whole of the OCR A level chemistry specification module 2 - Foundations in Chemistry, sections 2.1 and 2.2.
Each topic includes a fully interactive PowerPoint including starter, group activities, questions and plenary along with a worksheet and a lesson plan. Answers to all exercises are provided. Some of the resources include a PowerPoint quiz. A practical activity on titration is also included.
This bundle relates to the following sections of the OCR AS Chemistry specification:
Module 2 – Foundations in chemistry
Part 1 – Atoms and reactions (whole)
2.1.1 – Atomic structure and isotopes
2.1.2 – Compounds, formulae and equations
2.1.3 – Amount of substance
2.1.4 – Acids
2.1.5 − Redox
Part 2 – Electrons, bonding and structure (whole)
2.2.1 – Electron structure
2.2.2 – Bonding and structure
Module 3 – The Periodic table and energy
Part 1 –The Periodic Table (part)
3.1.1 (Periodicity) (part)
Content covered:
The changing atom
How Science Works - HSW7 - The changing accepted models of atomic structure over time.
The contributions of five scientists to the development of the theory of atomic structure.
Atomic structure
• Protons, neutrons and electrons – mass and relative charge
• Atomic number and mass number
• Isotopes
• Key definitions
Atomic masses
• Relative masses - comparison of masses to carbon-12
• Calculating relative atomic mass from the masses and abundances of the isotopes
• Mass spectrometry and its use in the above
• Calculating relative molecular and relative formula masses from formulae
• Key definitions of relative atomic mass and relative isotopic mass
Formulae and equations
• Formulae of ions
• Predicting ionic charges from the Periodic Table
• Writing the formulae of ionic compounds and elements
• Writing and balancing equations
• Common types of reaction and their equations
Amount of substance and the mole
• Relative masses and the mole
• Avogadro constant
• Calculating number of atoms
• Amount of substance
• Molar mass
• Calculating amount of substance from total mass and vice versa
• Mole triangle
Determining formulae
• Definitions and use of the terms empirical and molecular formula
• Simplest whole number ratios
• Calculations of empirical and molecular formulae, from composition by mass or percentage compositions by mass and relative molecular mass
• Calculating % by mass from the formula
• The terms anhydrous, hydrated and water of crystallisation
• Calculation of the formula of a hydrated salt from given percentage composition, mass composition or based on experimental results
Moles and gas volumes
• Molar volume of a gas
• Moles and gas volume triangle
• Summary of relationships for gases between amount of substance, volume, mass and number of molecules
• Calculating amount of substance from volume of gas and vice versa
• Ideal gases
• The ideal gas equation
Moles, concentrations and solutions
• Definitions and use of the terms concentration and mass concentration
• Concentrated and dilute
• Relationship between concentration, amount in mol and volume including concentration triangle
• Calculating concentration, amount in mol, volume and mass from given data
• Example calculations
• Mass concentrations
• Choosing the correct glassware to measure volumes
• Standard solutions
• Practical activity – making up a standard solution
• Diluting solutions and calculations
• Practical activity – diluting solutions
Moles and reactions
• Balanced chemical equations and stoichiometry
• Molar ratios
• Using molar ratio to calculate amounts in moles of reactants and products in a chemical reaction
• Using molar ratio to calculate masses of reactants and products in a chemical reaction
• Using molar ratio to calculate volumes of gases in a chemical reaction
• Flow diagrams showing steps in calculations involving quantities of reacting substances
• Example calculations – clearly illustrated in a highly visual way
Percentage yield and atom economy
• Introduction to Green Chemistry
• Reasons why reactions do not have 100% yield
• % yield and how to calculate it
• Calculations of % yield involving limiting reactant
• Atom economy and its importance in the sustainability of a chemical process
• Calculating atom economy
• Example calculations – clearly illustrated in a highly visual way
• Differences between atom economy and % yield
• Comparing chemical processes in terms of sustainability (using production of ethanol as an example)
Acids and bases
• Definitions of acid, base, alkali and salt
• Formulae of acids, bases, alkalis and salts
• The relationship between bases and alkalis
• The pH scale
• Everyday examples of acids and bases
• Weak and strong acids
• Diprotic acids
• Writing and balancing neutralization reactions (including acid-carbonate reactions)
• Ionic equations
Acid-base titrations
• Titration and uses
• Standard solution
• Glassware and procedure for titration with detailed hints for technique
• Reading burette
• Recording titration results and calculating the mean
• Titration calculations
• Examples of structured and unstructured calculations
• Revision of calculations involving masses and volumes
• Practical titration activity
• Evaluation of titration experiment
• Uncertainties and calculating % uncertainties
• Procedural errors
Redox
• Redox definition in terms of electron transfer
• Oxidation numbers and how to calculate them
• Oxidation number in chemical names
• Redox definition in terms of oxidation number
• Using oxidation numbers to identify redox reactions and determine what has been oxidised and reduced
• Oxidising and reducing agents
• Disproportionation as oxidation and reduction of the same element
Electron configuration - shells, sub-shells and orbitals
• Energy levels
• Main shells, sub-shells and orbitals
• Rules for filling orbitals
• Electron configurations of atoms and ions
• Deducing electron configuration using the Periodic Table
• Relationship of electron configuration to the Periodic Table
Ionic bonding
• Bonding and the Periodic Table
• Predicting ionic formulae
• Definition of ionic bonding
• Dot-and-cross diagrams – some of them animated
• Half equations
• Giant ionic lattice
• Physical properties of ionic compounds including:
• melting point
• electrical conductivity
• solubility in polar and non-polar solvents
Covalent bonding
• Definition of a covalent bond
• Single, double and triple covalent bonds
• Lone pairs
• How to construct dot-and-cross diagrams
• Dative covalent or coordinate bonds
• The Octet Rule and exceptions
• Average bond enthalpies
Shapes of molecules and ions
• Electron pair repulsion theory (VSEPR)
• Effect of lone pairs on shape
• Model answer to exam question
• How to draw simple shapes in 3D
• Bond angles
Electronegativity and bond polarity
• Definition of electronegativity
• Atomic core and calculation of core charge
• Factors affecting electronegativity
• Pauling scale of electronegativity
• Electronegativity and bond polarity
• Non-polar and polar covalent bonds
• Electronegativity and bonding type (including intermediate bonding)
• Polarity of molecules from the bond polarities and the molecular shape
• Predicting whether a molecule will have an overall dipole from its symmetry
Intermolecular forces
• What are intermolecular forces?
• Strengths of bonds and intermolecular forces
• Types of intermolecular forces
• Induced dipole-dipole interactions (London (dispersion) forces)
• How London forces arise
• Factors affecting strength of London forces
• Permanent dipole-dipole interactions
• How permanent dipole-dipole interactions arise
• How intermolecular forces affect properties
• Hydrogen bonding
• What’s special about hydrogen bonds
• Effects of hydrogen bonds on properties
• Special properties of water
• Summary of intermolecular forces
• Predicting the type of intermolecular forces
Structure and bonding
• Factors influencing physical properties
• The way the atoms/ions are grouped together (structure)
• The type of particles the solid is built up from
• The bonds or forces holding these particles together
• Structure and physical properties of ionic compounds (see also topic 15)
• Structures and physical properties of covalent substances including giant covalent and simple molecular
• Diamond and graphite – structures and properties
• Graphene
• Metallic bonding, structure and physical properties
• Summary of types of bonding
• Jigsaw discussion to summarise 4 main types of structure and their properties
Links
Next lesson – free resource: Topic 21 – the Periodic Table past and present
http://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/periodic-table-past-and-present-ocr-as-chemistry-12964450
This complete year 12 lesson on bond enthalpies covers part of OCR section 3.2.1 (Enthalpy changes). It includes the energetics topics: making and breaking covalent bonds, average bond enthalpies, calculations involving bond enthalpies and their limitations. It features a 25 slide interactive PowerPoint that illustrates the concepts in a lively, visual and systematic way and includes a starter, learning checks, clearly explained examples, including example calculations ,and a plenary discussion. An 8 page worksheet and answers to the exercises are provided.
This resource is part of a series covering the OCR AS Chemistry specification and relates to the following sections:
Module 3 – Periodic table and energy
Part 2 – Physical chemistry
3.2.1 – Enthalpy changes
Content covered:
• Making covalent bonds (exothermic) and breaking covalent bonds (endothermic)
• Overall enthalpy change linked to relative enthalpies of breaking and making bonds – enthalpy profile diagram
• Average bond enthalpies and why they differ from actual bond enthalpies
• Factors affecting average bond enthalpies
• Calculations involving bond enthalpies
• Limitations of bond enthalpy calculations
• Plenary discussion about why there is a constant increase in the enthalpy change of combustion of alcohols for each CH2 group added
Duration: 1 lesson
Please review!
Links
Previous topic: Topic 26 – Experimental determination of enthalpy changes OCR AS chemistry
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/resource-12517135
Next topic: Topic 28 – Hess’s Law
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/resource-12608484
Free resource - Standard form, decimal places and significant figures https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/resource-12405507
This bundle is ideal for classroom or home learning and covers electron configuration, ionic bonding, covalent bonding, shapes of molecules, electronegativity and bond polarity, intermolecular forces, structure and bonding. It includes all of the OCR A level chemistry specification section 2.2, as well as part of 3.1.1.
Each topic includes a fully interactive PowerPoint including starter, group activities, questions and plenary along with a worksheet. Answers to all exercises are provided. Some of the resources include a PowerPoint quiz.
This bundle is part of a series covering the OCR AS Chemistry specification and relates to the following sections:
Module 2 – Foundations in chemistry / Part 2 – Electrons, bonding and structure
2.2.1 Electron structure and 2.2.2 Bonding and structure
Module 3 – The Periodic table and energy / Part 1 –The Periodic Table
3.1.1 (Periodicity)
Content covered:
Electron configuration - shells, sub-shells and orbitals
• Energy levels
• Main shells, sub-shells and orbitals
• Rules for filling orbitals
• Electron configurations of atoms and ions
• Deducing electron configuration using the Periodic Table
• Relationship of electron configuration to the Periodic Table
Ionic bonding
• Bonding and the Periodic Table
• Predicting ionic formulae
• Definition of ionic bonding
• Dot-and-cross diagrams – some of them animated
• Half equations
• Giant ionic lattice
• Physical properties of ionic compounds including:
• melting point
• electrical conductivity
• solubility in polar and non-polar solvents
Covalent bonding
• Definition of a covalent bond
• Single, double and triple covalent bonds
• Lone pairs
• How to construct dot-and-cross diagrams
• Dative covalent or coordinate bonds
• The Octet Rule and exceptions
• Average bond enthalpies
Shapes of molecules and ions
• Electron pair repulsion theory (VSEPR)
• Effect of lone pairs on shape
• Model answer to exam question
• How to draw simple shapes in 3D
• Bond angles
Electronegativity and bond polarity
• Definition of electronegativity
• Atomic core and calculation of core charge
• Factors affecting electronegativity
• Pauling scale of electronegativity
• Electronegativity and bond polarity
• Non-polar and polar covalent bonds
• Electronegativity and bonding type (including intermediate bonding)
• Polarity of molecules from the bond polarities and the molecular shape
• Predicting whether a molecule will have an overall dipole from its symmetry
Intermolecular forces
• What are intermolecular forces?
• Strengths of bonds and intermolecular forces
• Types of intermolecular forces
• Induced dipole-dipole interactions (London (dispersion) forces)
• How London forces arise
• Factors affecting strength of London forces
• Permanent dipole-dipole interactions
• How permanent dipole-dipole interactions arise
• How intermolecular forces affect properties
• Hydrogen bonding
• What’s special about hydrogen bonds
• Effects of hydrogen bonds on properties
• Special properties of water
• Summary of intermolecular forces
• Predicting the type of intermolecular forces
Structure and bonding
• Factors influencing physical properties
• The way the atoms/ions are grouped together (structure)
• The type of particles the solid is built up from
• The bonds or forces holding these particles together
• Structure and physical properties of ionic compounds (see also topic 15)
• Structures and physical properties of covalent substances including giant covalent and simple molecular
• Diamond and graphite – structures and properties
• Graphene
• Metallic bonding, structure and physical properties
• Summary of types of bonding
• Jigsaw discussion to summarise 4 main types of structure and their properties
Links
Next lesson – free resource: Topic 21 – the Periodic Table past and present
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/periodic-table-past-and-present-ocr-as-chemistry-12964450
This introduction to standard form, decimal places and significant figures features a 14 slide interactive PowerPoint including explanations, examples and practice exercises. Answers to all exercises are given.
This resource is complementary to the mathematical topics of chemistry A level in years 12 and 13, for example; amount of substance, concentrations, volumes of gases as well as equilibrium constants, energy changes and rates of reaction.
Content covered:
• Standard form
• Decimal places and how to reduce them
• Significant figures and how to reduce them
• How to choose an appropriate number of significant figures in an answer
Links
Topic 5 – Amount of substance and the mole
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/amount-and-moles-ocr-as-chemistry-12190652
Topic 6 – Determining formulae
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/determining-formulae-ocr-as-chemistry-12347977
Topic 7 – Moles and gas volumes
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/moles-and-gas-volumes-ocr-as-chemistry-12336053
Topic 8 – Moles and concentrations of solutions
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/moles-and-concentration-of-solutions-ocr-as-chemistry-12391026
Bundle – Moles, masses, concentration, gas volumes and reactions
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/moles-masses-concentrations-gas-volumes-and-reactions-12404451
This complete year 12 resource on acids, bases, alkalis, neutralization and salts includes formulae of acids, bases, alkalis and salts, equations for neutralization reactions and ionic equations. It features a 39 slide interactive PowerPoint that illustrates the concepts in a lively, visual and systematic way and includes a starter, learning checks, clearly explained examples of writing and balancing equations, and a quick quiz as plenary. A 17 page worksheet and answers to all exercises are provided. Ideal for the classroom or blended learning, this resource could be used to present the topic, or for revision, extension or consolidation.
This lesson is part of a series covering the OCR AS Chemistry specification and relates to the following sections:
Module 2 – Foundations in chemistry
Part 1 – Atoms and reactions
2.1.4 – Acids (part)
Content covered:
• Definitions of acid, base, alkali and salt
• Formulae of acids, bases, alkalis and salts
• The relationship between bases and alkalis
• The pH scale
• Everyday examples of acids and bases
• Weak and strong acids
• Diprotic acids
• Writing and balancing neutralization reactions (including acid-carbonate reactions)
• Ionic equations
Duration: 1-2 lessons
Please review!
Links
Previous topic:
Topic10 – Percentage yield and atom economy
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/percentage-yield-and-atom-economy-ocr-as-chemistry-12745344
Next topic:
Topic 12 – Acid-base titrations
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/acid-base-titrations-ocr-as-chemistry-12749636
Related topic:
Topic 4 - Formulae and equations
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/formulae-and-equations-ocr-as-chemistry-12186723
This complete lesson on atomic structure and isotopes in terms of protons, neutrons and electrons is ideal for classroom or home learning. It features a 29 slide interactive PowerPoint including starter, group activities, questions and plenary along with an 8 page worksheet and a lesson plan. An exam style question is also included. Answers to all exercises are provided. A fully interactive PowerPoint multiple choice quiz is provided as a plenary activity, along with the A, B, C, D cards needed in the classroom.
This lesson is part of a series covering the OCR AS Chemistry specification and relates to the following sections:
Module 2 – Foundations in chemistry
Part 1 – Atoms and reactions
2.1.1 Atomic structure and isotopes
Please review!
Content covered
• Protons, neutrons and electrons – mass and relative charge
• Atomic number and mass number
• Isotopes
• Key definitions
Duration: one lesson
Links
Previous lesson: topic 1 - the Changing Atom
Next lesson: topic 3 - Atomic Masses
Bundle covering the whole of the OCR A level chemistry specification sections 2.1.1 and 2.1.2. (topics 1-4)
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/atomic-masses-formulae-and-equations-ocr-as-chemistry-12348685