3 linked lessons on the carbon cycle, the greenhouse effect and climate change.

Each lesson includes a ‘blast from the past quiz’, a range of activities and an AFL task that relates to their progress. A range of lessons are designed to relate to the future AQA syllabus as well as allowing students to apply a unit of work to novel and interesting applications e.g. Following Dr Who to the early Earth’s atmosphere, choosing an alternative fuel for a new Elon musk prototype car and narrating a climate change trailer for Leonardo Decaprio. It wa sa lot of fun teaching for what can be a very dry subject!

My resources now cover the whole of OCR AS Chemistry. Each download includes a list of all available lessons and bundles. This bundle is ideal for classroom or home learning and covers the whole of the OCR A level chemistry specification module 2 - Foundations in Chemistry, sections 2.1 and 2.2. Each topic includes a fully interactive PowerPoint including starter, group activities, questions and plenary along with a worksheet and a lesson plan. Answers to all exercises are provided. Some of the resources include a PowerPoint quiz. A practical activity on titration is also included. This bundle relates to the following sections of the OCR AS Chemistry specification: Module 2 – Foundations in chemistry Part 1 – Atoms and reactions (whole) 2.1.1 – Atomic structure and isotopes 2.1.2 – Compounds, formulae and equations 2.1.3 – Amount of substance 2.1.4 – Acids 2.1.5 − Redox Part 2 – Electrons, bonding and structure (whole) 2.2.1 – Electron structure 2.2.2 – Bonding and structure Module 3 – The Periodic table and energy Part 1 –The Periodic Table (part) 3.1.1 (Periodicity) (part) Content covered: The changing atom How Science Works - HSW7 - The changing accepted models of atomic structure over time. The contributions of five scientists to the development of the theory of atomic structure. Atomic structure • Protons, neutrons and electrons – mass and relative charge • Atomic number and mass number • Isotopes • Key definitions Atomic masses • Relative masses - comparison of masses to carbon-12 • Calculating relative atomic mass from the masses and abundances of the isotopes • Mass spectrometry and its use in the above • Calculating relative molecular and relative formula masses from formulae • Key definitions of relative atomic mass and relative isotopic mass Formulae and equations • Formulae of ions • Predicting ionic charges from the Periodic Table • Writing the formulae of ionic compounds and elements • Writing and balancing equations • Common types of reaction and their equations Amount of substance and the mole • Relative masses and the mole • Avogadro constant • Calculating number of atoms • Amount of substance • Molar mass • Calculating amount of substance from total mass and vice versa • Mole triangle Determining formulae • Definitions and use of the terms empirical and molecular formula • Simplest whole number ratios • Calculations of empirical and molecular formulae, from composition by mass or percentage compositions by mass and relative molecular mass • Calculating % by mass from the formula • The terms anhydrous, hydrated and water of crystallisation • Calculation of the formula of a hydrated salt from given percentage composition, mass composition or based on experimental results Moles and gas volumes • Molar volume of a gas • Moles and gas volume triangle • Summary of relationships for gases between amount of substance, volume, mass and number of molecules • Calculating amount of substance from volume of gas and vice versa • Ideal gases • The ideal gas equation Moles, concentrations and solutions • Definitions and use of the terms concentration and mass concentration • Concentrated and dilute • Relationship between concentration, amount in mol and volume including concentration triangle • Calculating concentration, amount in mol, volume and mass from given data • Example calculations • Mass concentrations • Choosing the correct glassware to measure volumes • Standard solutions • Practical activity – making up a standard solution • Diluting solutions and calculations • Practical activity – diluting solutions Moles and reactions • Balanced chemical equations and stoichiometry • Molar ratios • Using molar ratio to calculate amounts in moles of reactants and products in a chemical reaction • Using molar ratio to calculate masses of reactants and products in a chemical reaction • Using molar ratio to calculate volumes of gases in a chemical reaction • Flow diagrams showing steps in calculations involving quantities of reacting substances • Example calculations – clearly illustrated in a highly visual way Percentage yield and atom economy • Introduction to Green Chemistry • Reasons why reactions do not have 100% yield • % yield and how to calculate it • Calculations of % yield involving limiting reactant • Atom economy and its importance in the sustainability of a chemical process • Calculating atom economy • Example calculations – clearly illustrated in a highly visual way • Differences between atom economy and % yield • Comparing chemical processes in terms of sustainability (using production of ethanol as an example) Acids and bases • Definitions of acid, base, alkali and salt • Formulae of acids, bases, alkalis and salts • The relationship between bases and alkalis • The pH scale • Everyday examples of acids and bases • Weak and strong acids • Diprotic acids • Writing and balancing neutralization reactions (including acid-carbonate reactions) • Ionic equations Acid-base titrations • Titration and uses • Standard solution • Glassware and procedure for titration with detailed hints for technique • Reading burette • Recording titration results and calculating the mean • Titration calculations • Examples of structured and unstructured calculations • Revision of calculations involving masses and volumes • Practical titration activity • Evaluation of titration experiment • Uncertainties and calculating % uncertainties • Procedural errors Redox • Redox definition in terms of electron transfer • Oxidation numbers and how to calculate them • Oxidation number in chemical names • Redox definition in terms of oxidation number • Using oxidation numbers to identify redox reactions and determine what has been oxidised and reduced • Oxidising and reducing agents • Disproportionation as oxidation and reduction of the same element Electron configuration - shells, sub-shells and orbitals • Energy levels • Main shells, sub-shells and orbitals • Rules for filling orbitals • Electron configurations of atoms and ions • Deducing electron configuration using the Periodic Table • Relationship of electron configuration to the Periodic Table Ionic bonding • Bonding and the Periodic Table • Predicting ionic formulae • Definition of ionic bonding • Dot-and-cross diagrams – some of them animated • Half equations • Giant ionic lattice • Physical properties of ionic compounds including: • melting point • electrical conductivity • solubility in polar and non-polar solvents Covalent bonding • Definition of a covalent bond • Single, double and triple covalent bonds • Lone pairs • How to construct dot-and-cross diagrams • Dative covalent or coordinate bonds • The Octet Rule and exceptions • Average bond enthalpies Shapes of molecules and ions • Electron pair repulsion theory (VSEPR) • Effect of lone pairs on shape • Model answer to exam question • How to draw simple shapes in 3D • Bond angles Electronegativity and bond polarity • Definition of electronegativity • Atomic core and calculation of core charge • Factors affecting electronegativity • Pauling scale of electronegativity • Electronegativity and bond polarity • Non-polar and polar covalent bonds • Electronegativity and bonding type (including intermediate bonding) • Polarity of molecules from the bond polarities and the molecular shape • Predicting whether a molecule will have an overall dipole from its symmetry Intermolecular forces • What are intermolecular forces? • Strengths of bonds and intermolecular forces • Types of intermolecular forces • Induced dipole-dipole interactions (London (dispersion) forces) • How London forces arise • Factors affecting strength of London forces • Permanent dipole-dipole interactions • How permanent dipole-dipole interactions arise • How intermolecular forces affect properties • Hydrogen bonding • What’s special about hydrogen bonds • Effects of hydrogen bonds on properties • Special properties of water • Summary of intermolecular forces • Predicting the type of intermolecular forces Structure and bonding • Factors influencing physical properties • The way the atoms/ions are grouped together (structure) • The type of particles the solid is built up from • The bonds or forces holding these particles together • Structure and physical properties of ionic compounds (see also topic 15) • Structures and physical properties of covalent substances including giant covalent and simple molecular • Diamond and graphite – structures and properties • Graphene • Metallic bonding, structure and physical properties • Summary of types of bonding • Jigsaw discussion to summarise 4 main types of structure and their properties Links Next lesson – free resource: Topic 21 – the Periodic Table past and present http://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/periodic-table-past-and-present-ocr-as-chemistry-12964450 Next large bundle Periodic table and energy https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/periodic-table-and-energy-13214245

This resource contains 3 revision mats for the required practicals in the Chemistry section of the new AQA Science Trilogy paper 2. Answer sheets have been added. They contain questions about methodology, scientific enquiry and analysis of results. These can be given after teaching the required practical, homework or at the end of year 11 for revision before their exams. Required practicals included: Rates of Reaction Chromatography Water Purification My year 11s have found these particularly useful to go through in revision lessons and have taken extra home to use as revision tools. Please rate this resource. You can also find our other bundles for the following: Biology Paper 1 Biology Paper 2 Biology Triple Physics Paper 1 Physics Paper 2 Chemistry Paper 1 Chemistry Paper 2 Other resources and revision mats can be found in my shop by clicking the following link: https://www.tes.com/teaching-resources/shop/cal-w11

7 Full Lesson Bundle + A Bonus Revision Lesson which covers the Kinetics (How Fast?) chapters from the OCR A Level Chemistry Specification (also suitable for the AQA and Edexcel Spec- see Learning Objectives below) Lesson 1: Order of Reactants Lesson 2: The Rate Equation Lesson 3&4 Concentration-Time Graphs Lesson 5: Initial Rates and Clock Reactions Lesson 6: The Rate Determining Step Lesson 7: The Arrhenius Equation Lesson 8: Revision Lesson Learning Objectives: Lesson 1: LO1: To recall the terms rate of reaction, order, overall order and rate constant LO2: To describe how orders of reactants affect the rate of a reaction LO3: To calculate the overall order of a reaction Lesson 2: LO1: To determine the order of a reactant from experimental data LO2: To calculate the rate constant, K, from a rate equation LO3: To calculate the units of the rate constant Lesson 3&4: LO1: To know the techniques and procedures used to investigate reaction rates LO2: To calculate reaction rates using gradients from concentration-time graphs LO3: To deduce zero & first order reactants from concentration-time graphs LO4: To calculate the rate constant of a first order reactant using their half-life Lesson 5: LO1: To determine the rate constant for a first order reaction from the gradient of a rate- concentration graph LO2: To understand how rate-concentration graphs are created LO3: To explain how clock reactions are used to determine initial rates of reactions Lesson 6: LO1: To explain and use the term rate determining step LO2: To deduce possible steps in a reaction mechanism from the rate equation and the balanced equation for the overall reaction LO3: To predict the rate equation that is consistent with the rate determining step Lesson 7: LO1: Explain qualitatively the effect of temperature change on a rate constant,k, and hence the rate of a reaction LO2: To Know the exponential relationship between the rate constant, k and temperature, T given by the Arrhenius equation, k = Ae–Ea/RT LO3: Determine Ea and A graphically using InK = -Ea/RT+ InA derived from the Arrhenius equation Lesson 8: This is an engaging KS5 revision lesson the Kinetics topic in A Level Chemistry (Year 13) Students will be able to complete three challenging question rounds on kinetics covering: Measuring Reaction Rates Orders of reactants Concentration-time graphs Rate-concentration graphs Clock Reactions Initial rates Arrhenius Equation Declaimer: Please refrain from purchasing this popular resource for an interview lesson or a formal observation. This is because planning your own lessons, including using your own lesson PowerPoints, is a fundamental skill of a qualified/unqualified teacher that will be assessed during the scenarios outlined above

This bundle covers all of the OCR A level chemistry specification section 4.1 (basic concepts and hydrocarbons) and 4.2 (alcohols, haloalkanes and analysis). The resources included are: Introduction to organic chemistry Naming hydrocarbons (includes quiz – A Question of naming alkanes) Functional groups – names and formulae Isomerism Organic reagents and types of reaction Introduction to alkanes Reactions of alkanes Alkenes Polymers from alkenes Chemistry of alcohols Haloalkanes Organic synthesis AS synthetic routes Infrared spectroscopy Mass spectrometry Identifying compounds from infrared and mass spectra Each topic includes a fully interactive PowerPoint including starter, group activities, questions and plenary along with a worksheet. Answers to all exercises are provided. Some of the resources include a PowerPoint quiz and all are ideal for classroom or home learning. This bundle is part of a series covering the OCR AS Chemistry specification and relates to the following sections: Module 4– Core organic chemistry Part 1 – Basic concepts and hydrocarbons (all) Part 2 - Alcohols, haloalkanes and analysis (all) Please review! Content covered: Introduction to organic chemistry • Why carbon is special • Bonding in organic compounds • Different types of formulae • Types of organic compounds • Functional groups and homologous series Naming hydrocarbons • Application of IUPAC rules of nomenclature for systematically naming organic compounds • Naming alkanes and cycloalkanes • Naming branched alkanes • Naming alkenes and branched alkenes Quiz – A Question of naming alkanes Functional groups – names and formulae • Application of IUPAC rules of nomenclature for systematically naming organic compounds • Practice naming organic compounds including those with functional groups • Revision of empirical and molecular formula and how to calculate them • Formulae of compounds with functional groups Displayed formula Structural formula Skeletal formula Isomerism • Shapes of alkanes (with model building) • Definitions of structural isomers, stereoisomers, E/Z isomers and cis-trans isomers • Classification of isomers with examples • Structural isomers including chain, position and functional group isomers • Shapes of alkenes (with model building) • Restricted rotation around the C=C double bond • Stereoisomers – E/Z and cis-trans isomers • Animated illustrations of E/Z isomers • Criteria for E/Z isomerism and for cis-trans isomerism with examples and learning check • Cahn-Ingold-Prelog rules for naming E/Z isomers with examples Organic reagents and types of reaction • Ways of breaking covalent bonds Homolytic fission Heterolytic fission • Types of organic reagents and their reactions Nucleophiles Electrophiles Radicals • Introduction to mechanisms • Curly arrows • Types of reaction Addition Substitution Elimination • Classification of reactions Introduction to alkanes Sources and uses of alkanes Definitions of fossil fuels and crude oil Uses of alkanes as fuels Bonding in alkanes Formation and rotation of sigma bonds Shapes of alkanes Intermolecular forces in alkanes in terms of non-polar molecules Melting and boiling points of alkanes in terms of London forces Effect of chain length and branching on London forces Reactions of alkanes Reactivity of alkanes Combustion of alkanes – complete and incomplete Balancing combustion equations Radicals and dot-and-cross diagrams Radical chain reactions Radical substitution of alkanes by halogens Mechanism including initiation, propagation and termination Limitations to the use of radical substitution in synthesis of halogenoalkanes Alkenes Structure and reactivity of alkenes The nature of the double bond – sigma and pi bonds Explanation of restricted rotation around C=C Shape of ethene in terms of electron pair repulsion theory Addition reactions of alkenes Reactions of ethene and propene including addition of halogens, steam, hydrogen halides and hydrogen Test for alkenes with aqueous bromine Catalytic addition of hydrogen - mechanism Margarine manufacture Definition of electrophile Electrophilic addition mechanism Addition of HX to unsymmetrical alkenes - Markownikoff’s rule and explanation Polymers from alkenes Meaning of the terms addition polymer and monomer the formation of poly(ethene) General equation for polymer formation Identifying the monomer from the repeat unit of the monomer Disposal of waste polymers by recycling, cracking and combustion Bioplastics Biodegradable polymers Photodegradable polymers Chemistry of alcohols Comparing methods of making ethanol Naming alcohols Physical properties of alcohols, in terms of hydrogen bonding Primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols Substitution reaction of alcohols Oxidation of alcohols Elimination (dehydration) reaction of alcohols Reactions of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols Animated mechanisms Reaction classification Reagents and conditions Structural equations Key definitions Haloalkanes Naming haloalkanes Reactivity of haloalkanes general equation for polymer formation Uses of haloalkanes Nucleophilic substitution reactions of haloalkanes including hydrolysis Mechanism of nucleophilic substitution Experiment to compare rates of hydrolysis of different haloalkanes Explaining the different rates of hydrolysis Organohalogen compounds and the environment Destruction of ozone by CFCs Organic synthesis Revision of functional groups Techniques for preparation and purification of organic liquids Heating under reflux Distillation Separation of immiscible liquids using a separating funnel Use of drying agents Stages in the preparation and purification of an organic liquid Tests for functional groups Compounds with more than one functional group Strategies for organic synthesis with examples AS synthetic routes AS synthetic routes Animated mechanisms Key definitions Heating under reflux Distillation Reaction classification Reagents and conditions Structural equations Infrared spectroscopy Introduction to spectroscopy linked to the electromagnetic spectrum Meaning of wavenumber and transmittance Molecular vibrations Bond stretching Fingerprint region of spectrum Types and shapes of peaks Infrared and global warming The greenhouse effect and greenhouse gases Interpreting the infrared spectrum Examples of IR spectra with animated explanation linking peaks to structure Uses of infrared spectroscopy Mass spectrometry Animated diagram and description of a mass spectrometer Meaning of m/z Relative intensity Base peak Molecular ion M+1 peak Fragments Interpreting the mass spectrum Mass spectrum of ethanol Animations of formation of fragments from ethanol Summary of fragments for ethanol Examples of mass spectra with animated explanation linking peaks to structure Interpretation of mass spectrum of unknown compound leading to its identification Identifying compounds from infrared and mass spectra Calculating empirical formula from % composition Calculating molecular formula from empirical formula and molar mass, using the molecular ion peak on the mass spectrum Using the infrared (IR) spectrum to identify bond stretches and hence functional group(s) present Drawing structural formulae consistent with the molecular formula and IR data Using mass spectrum to distinguish between the suggested structural formulae Identifying fragments in the mass spectrum