Pascal's Triangle is a wonderful starting point for introducing or discovering lots of number patterns including the triangle numbers, the Fibonacci sequence, the doubling sequence and many more. There are 20 pieces which need assembling to make 16 rows of the triangle with spare pieces for extra rows. Each piece needs cutting out and ideally laminating. It would make a fun activity to just piece it together! It can be printed out on A3 paper to fill a display board or on A4 paper for a smaller version. The title and questions are also included.

This is an 8 page booklet which takes the pupils through the maths of calculating the number of ways an Enigma machine can be set up, using both permutations (the order of the rotors does matter) and combinations, where the order in which the plug board is set up doesn't matter. The first two pages lead the pupils through the various calculations leading to the answer of approximately 158 million billion ways or 158,962,555,217,826,360,000 ways to be precise! The remaining six pages explain the difference between permutations and combinations.