Heat & Distill (simple distillation) Heat & distill with 2-necked flask Heat under Reflux (reflux distillation) Reflux distillation & 2-necked flask Washing to remove acid impurities Vacuum filtration & m.p. determination Drying an organic liquid product Recrystallisation of organic solids Reduction with LiAlH4 & NaBH4 Steam distillation

Over 20 narrated animated mechanisms. Electrophilic Addition - Ethene & HBr Electrophilic Addition - Ethene & Bromine Electrophilic Addition - Propene & HBr Electrophilic Addition - Propene & c. Sulfuric Acid Electrophilic Addition - Hydration of Ethene SN2 - Bromoethane & aqueous KOH SN2 - Bromoethane and alcoholic KOH SN2 - Bromoethane and alcoholic Ammonia SN1 - Tertiary Haloalkane & aqueous KOH Nucleophilic Addition - Propanone & HCN Nucleophilic Addition Elimination - CH3COCl & Water Nucleophilic Addition Elimination - CH3COCl & Ethanol Nucleophilic Addition Elimination - CH3COCl & Ammonia Nucleophilic Addition Elimination - CH3COCl & Amine Nucleophilic Addition Elimination - CH3COOCH3 & Water Nucleophilic Addition Elimination - CH3COOCH3 & Ethanol Nucleophilic Addition Elimination - CH3COOCH3 & Ammonia Nucleophilic Addition Elimination - CH3COOCH3 & Amine Mononitration of Benzene Monochlorination of Benzene Friedel-Craft Alkylation Friedel-Craft Acylation Free Radical Substitution - Methane and Chlorine (UV light) Ozone depletion

This resource is designed to support the teaching of electronic configuration - illustrating the application of the aufbau rule, Hund’s rule and the First in First out rule. This is the summary provided at the end: Electrons repel one another but need to share the same space around the nucleus. Electrons are tiny compared with the size of the atom and they move at an enormously high speed (about 2,200 kilometers per second). Apart from Chromium and Copper, the atoms of the first 36 elements obey the aufbau rule and Hund’s rule. Energy levels 3 and 4 overlap and this means that electrons enter the 4s subshell before the 3d subshell. Chromium breaks the aufbau rule in order to half-fill its 3d subshell as this provides greater stability. Copper breaks the aufbau rule in order to fill its 3d subshell as this provides greater stability. When the transition metal atoms lose electrons to form cations the electrons come out of the 4s subshell first.

Combustion Solubility Carboxylic Acids with Sodium Carbonate Sodium with Water, Ethanoic Acid and Ethanol Fehlings Test 1 Fehlings Test 2 Tollen’s Reagent Acidified Dichromate Bromine Water Propan-1-ol vs Propan-2-ol Phosphorus Pentachloride for OH Groups

This short interactive presentation shows 3d video images of all the chain structural isomers of alkanes with up to 6 carbon atoms (i.e. 13 in total). It discusses their boiling points in the process, accounting for differences in terms of the changing strength of london forces (van der Waals forces). The video-bar can be used to rotate the molecules. This is useful for showing, for example, why 3-methylbutane does not exist.

So-called Hess Cycles can be solved in at least 3 ways: There is the cycle method itself, but this is the slowest method and should only be used when specified. There is the formula method when you have information on either enthalpies of combustion or formation. Then there is the older out-dated algebraic method. This always works and works the quickest; but unfortunately it won’t be that clear how you carried it out. In this presentation I look at the use of these 3 methods to find the enthalpy of formation of ethanol. From education-catalogue.com

This iQuiz can be used in class and online. Keep an eye on who is working and how well they are learning. I produced it in HTML5 and it is therefore suitable for use on all the main platforms. It examines (while also revising/teaching) the reagents and conditions for over 20 separate organic reactions. You can have your email address embedded in the iQuiz so as to obtain feedback when a student completes it online. The student is required to enter a name and email address before starting. Very detailed feedback will be sent to you and them, including the time spent and the answers given to each question. iQuizzes are a form of ‘mastery learning’ and should be taken over again until mastery is achieved! Great value for money - getting the students learning and answering - and providing detailed evidence of the level of commitment of your students. No marking required as it is all done for you. If you’d like an iQuiz done using your questions and answers then do please enquire. education-catalogue.com

Nomenclature. Nitration of Benzene. Preparation & Puification of Nitrobenzene. Nitration of methylbenzoate. Monochlorination of Benzene. Preparation and purification of methyl-3-nitobenzoate. Reduction of Nitrobenzene to Phenylamine. Preparation of benzene diazonium chloride. Benzene Diazonium Chloride Chemistry. What are chromophores?

6 short narrated animated videos in this catalogue of lessons on polymers. It begins by looking at addition polymers, including poly(ethene), poly(propene) poly(chloroethene) and poly(phenylethene). It then moves on to condensation polymers with a focus on terylene and nylon-6,6.

Animated narrated videos covering everything needed: C6H12O: isomers and nomenclature Physical Properties of Aldehydes and Ketones Preparation of Aldehydes & Ketones Nucleophilic Addition with HCN Identification: Use of 2,4-DNP Reduction with Lithal (LiAlH4) Distinguish aldehydes from ketones Iodoform test for CH3COR structures

Animated narrated video catalogue with 17 videos covering the following: - Carboxylic Acids. Nomenclature & Isomerism; Physical Properties; Acidity explained. Esters. Nomenclature & Isomerism; Structure of Fats and Oils; Preparation & Purification; Found in fruit; Alkaline hydrolysis; Saponification Value; Iodine Value; Biodiesel-Transesterification; Fats and our Health. Acyl Chlorides and Acid Anhydrides Reaction demos with nucleophiles; Nucleophilic Addition Elimination Reactions.

General nomenclature rules 11 isomers of C5H11Br 26 isomers of C6H13Br Trends in boiling points explained 1-Bromobutane preparation and purification SN1 and SN2 Nucleophilic Substitution Rate of hydrolysis shown & explained Substitution Reactions with NaOH, NH3 & KCN Elimination to form an Alkene

Nomenclature, isomerism and b.p. Ethanol from fermentation (of grapes) Ethanol from the Hydration of Ethene Mild Oxidation Further oxidation of ethanol to ethanoic acid Oxidation Test: Primary & Secondary from Tertiary Combustion of alkanes and alcohols Reaction of ethanol with PCl5 Ethanol reacting with Sodium Reacting Ethanol & Thionyl Chloride Iodoform test for CH3CH(OH)-R All to do with alcohols in an hour!

Intermolecular forces. What’s an homologous series? Names, formulae and 3d structures. Chain Structural Isomers of C5H12. Chain Structural Isomers of C6H14. Complete and incomplete combustion. Combustion of alkanes and alcohols. Free Radical Substitution: CH4 + Cl2. Names, 3d structures and isomers. How carbon bonds in alkanes, alkenes and benzene. Geometric Stereoisomerism: Cis/Trans and E/Z. Reaction of ethene with bromine. Testing for alkenes using bromine water. Electrophilic Addition. Ethene + HBr. Markovnikov’s Rule. Addition Polymers 1. Polythene, PVC and others. Addition Polymers 2. Production of HDPE.

Aliphatic Organic Synthesis Aromatic Organic Synthesis

Amines. Nomenclature of simple Primary Amines Isomers of C6H15N Boiling Points & Basicity Reactions with acids to form Salts Identification of Primary & Secondary Amides. Nomenclature of Primary Amides Isomers of C3H7CONH2

Intermolecular forces explained using simple animations. Use of these forces to explain physical properties of covalent substances. The boiling points and solubilities of a range of compounds, including ammonia, ethanol, ethanoic acid and carbonyls are considered. Everything required of intermolecular at GCE has included.

This video from Frankly Chemistry demonstrates the experiment and explains the results in detail.

This video from Frankly Chemistry examines the five different chain structural isomers of C6H14, including a look at the 3-dimensional shapes of the molecules.

This video from Frankly Chemistry demonstrates the experiment and explains the results in detail.