Pearson Edexcel International A Level Business (332) 1 Growth a) Objectives of growth: • economies of scale (internal and external) • increased market power over customers and suppliers • increased market share and brand recognition • increased profitability. b) The distinction between inorganic and organic growth. Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

Pearson Edexcel International A Level Business (332) 4 Problems arising from growth a) Diseconomies of scale. b) Internal communication. c) Overtrading. Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

Pearson Edexcel International A Level Business (332) 3 Inorganic growth a) Mergers and takeovers: • reasons for mergers and takeovers • distinction between mergers and takeovers • horizontal and vertical integration • conglomerates • financial risks and rewards. b) Advantages and disadvantages of inorganic growth. Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

Pearson Edexcel International A Level Business (333) 5 Contribution a) Nature and purpose of contribution. b) Calculation and interpretation of contribution. c) Use of contribution as a decision-making technique. Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

Pearson Edexcel International A Level Business (334) 2 Stakeholder model versus shareholder model a) Internal and external stakeholders. b) Stakeholder objectives. c) Stakeholder and shareholder influences: • stakeholder: that the business considers all of its stakeholders in its business decisions/objectives • shareholder: that the business should focus purely on shareholder returns (increasing share price and dividends) in its business decisions/objectives. d) The potential for conflict between profit-based (shareholder) and wider objectives (stakeholder). Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

Pearson Edexcel International A Level Business (335) 3 Human resources a) Calculate and interpret the following to help make business decisions: • labour productivity • labour turnover and retention • absenteeism. b) Limitations of these calculations. c) Human resource strategies to increase productivity and retention and to reduce turnover and absenteeism: • financial rewards • employee share ownership • consultation strategies • empowerment strategies. Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

1.4.1 Approaches to staffing a) Staff as an asset; staff as a cost b) Flexible workforce: o multi-skilling o part-time and temporary o flexible hours and home working o outsourcing c) Distinction between dismissal and redundancy d) Employer/employee relationships o individual approach o collective bargaining 1.4.2 Recruitment, selection and training a) Recruitment and selection process: o internal versus external recruitment b) Costs of recruitment, selection and training c) Types of training: o induction o on-the-job o off-the-job 1.4.3 Organisational design a) Structure: o hierarchy o chain of command o span of control o centralised and decentralised b) Types of structure: o tall o flat o matrix c) Impact of different organisational structures on business efficiency and motivation 1.4.4 Motivation in theory and practice a) The importance of employee motivation to a business b) Motivation theories: o Taylor (scientific management) o Mayo (human relations theory) o Maslow (hierarchy of needs) o Herzberg (two factor theory) c) Financial incentives to improve employee performance: o piecework o commission o bonus o profit share o performance-related pay d) Non-financial techniques to improve employee performance: o delegation o consultation o empowerment o team working o flexible working o job enrichment o job rotation o job enlargement 1.4.5 Leadership a) Leadership: o the distinction between management and leadership b) Types of leadership style: o autocratic o paternalistic o democratic o laissez-faire

Pearson Edexcel International GCSE in Business 1.4.1 The main factors influencing location decisions 1.4.1 The main factors influencing location decisions and relocation of a business: • proximity to market, labour, materials and competitors • nature of the business activity • the impact of the internet on location decisions - e-commerce and/or fixed premises • legal controls and trade blocs. This is a complete lesson with a teacher PowerPoint and a student worksheet. Written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

Students should be able to identify and analyse where there may be a possible trade off between ethics and profit understand that ethical behaviour requires businesses to act in ways that stakeholders consider to be both fair and honest demonstrate knowledge and understanding of how business and consumers accept greater environmental responsibility in their decision making and the costs and benefits of businesses behaving this way identify and analyse where there may be a possible trade-off between sustainability and profit Students are expected to know relevant examples of ways in which a business can behave ethically and the benefits and drawbacks of ethical behaviour. This complete lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

New Pearson Edexcel A Level International Business (134) 1 Approaches to staffing This lesson covers: a) Staff as an asset; staff as a cost. b) Flexible workforce: • multi-skilling • part-time and temporary • zero-hour contracts • flexible hours and home working • outsourcing. c) Distinction between dismissal and redundancy. d) Employer/employee relationships • individual approach • collective bargaining. This lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

NEW Pearson Edexcel International A Level Business 131 2 Market Research Complete teaching resources for a whole lesson includes PowerPoint and worksheet a) Primary and secondary market research data (quantitative and qualitative) used to: • identify and anticipate customer needs and wants • quantify likely demand • gain insight into consumer behaviour. b) Methods of primary market research: • surveys/questionnaires • focus groups/consumer panels • face-to-face/telephone interviews • product trials/test marketing. c) Methods of secondary market research: • websites/social media • newspapers/magazines/TV/radio • reports • databases. d) Sampling methods: • random • quota • stratified Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

a) The impact of movements in exchange rates b) Competitive advantage through: o cost competitiveness o differentiation c) Skill shortages and their impact on international competitiveness This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a student worksheet Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet which covers: a) Reasons for mergers and takeovers b) Distinction between mergers and takeovers c) Horizontal and vertical integration d) Financial risks and rewards e) Problems of rapid growth Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet and covers: a) Distinction between inorganic and organic growth b) Methods of growing organically c) Advantages and disadvantages of organic growth Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

a) Push factors: o saturated markets o competition b) Pull factors: o economies of scale o risk spreading c) Possibility of off-shoring and outsourcing d) Extending the product life cycle by selling in multiple markets This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a student worksheet Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet and covers: a)The interaction of supply and demand b) The drawing and interpretation of supply and demand diagrams to show the causes and consequences of price changes Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet and covers: a) Recruitment and selection process: o internal versus external recruitment b) Costs of recruitment, selection and training c) Types of training: o induction o on-the-job o off-the-job Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet and covers: a) Sole trader, partnership and private limited company b) Franchising, social enterprise, lifestyle businesses, online businesses c) Growth to PLC and stock market flotation Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet and covers: a) The difficulties in developing from an entrepreneur to a leader Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet and covers: a) Purpose of budgets b) Types of budget: o historical figures o zero based c) Variance analysis d) Difficulties of budgeting Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation