2 New GCSE AQA Physics lesson on 'Infrared Radiation & Black body radiation' written in line with new AQA Physics specification. Bundled together is 2 complete lessons on infra-red radiation with different learning objectives and activities. LESSON 1 - Infrared radiation and black body radiation Lesson starts with optical illusion which makes white dots appear black, this is to start thoughts on what black is and engage students with something a bit different. The difference between heat and temperature is discussed to lead to what infrared radiation is. A question posed about whether ice gives off infrared radiation consolidates a key point. Thermal imaging is explored with how it works and a guess what it is exercise of infrared images. Different shades of black are shown to discuss what black does in terms of visible light, leading to an explanation of perfect black body radiation. Black body radiation and infrared emission at varied temperatures is discussed (including a link to a useful simulation). The effect of absorption and emission of infrared on bodies is detailed concluding with summary question on the topic. Lesson Objectives: State the difference between heat and infra-red radiation. Explain what is meant by ‘black-body radiation’. Identify the effects of infra-red radiation can have on a body. Relate the effects of absorption and emission of infra-red radiation has on a body. LESSON 2 - Infrared radiation, surfaces and bodies The use of black balls on the LA reservoir is shown in gif images to pupils to discuss why they did this. Absorption and emission of infrared is reviewed briefly. This leads to factors which effect the Earth's temperature and how greenhouse gases impact this. An experiment to investigate different surfaces and infrared emission, absorption and reflection is outlined. The key points from this investigation are summarised for note taking. A true or false activity reviews previous content followed by review questions. Infrared emission, absorption and reflection is applied through questioning to the Earth & the moon, satellites in space and the starter on the LA reservoir. Lesson Objectives: Identify and explain key factors that effect the temperature of the Earth. Investigate and identify the properties of different materials and their effect on infra-red radiation. Apply your knowledge of infrared radiation and surfaces to real life problems. Explain why the temperature on the Moon is different to the Earth.

New AQA GCSE lesson on Scalars and Vectors (+ Forces) written in line with new GCSE AQA specification. All questions provided with answers within power point. Starter asks how far away a school is from a home - this prompts responses from pupils that either follow the road or straight across the field. This introduces the idea of distance and displacement which is explained in detail. This is also used to explain magnitude, scalars and vectors. A series of questions review pupils understanding of distance and displacement. A quick class activity reviews a number of different variables to classify each as scalar or vector. Speed and Velocity are identified as a scalar and vector by reviewing the equations and then also related to acceleration. This leads to force the representation of force vectors and scale diagrams. A quick review of forces and different types of forces lead to force interactions and their effects. A set of review questions provides use of force vectors. Lesson Objectives: - Explain how displacement and distance are different. - Identify and explain scalar and vector quantities. - Identify different types of forces and how these can be represented. - Explain what the effect of simple force interactions will have on objects.

New GCSE AQA Physics lesson on 'Internal Energy' written in line with new AQA Physics specification. Lesson Outline: Starter discussed whether a glass of water has energy of not to see what conclusions pupils can draw on this from previous lessons. This leads to a view of a substance on a microscopic scale to highlight that the particles are moving, therefore pupils should be able to deduce must have energy in order to move. Internal energy is then shown to be this energy in substance due to kinetic energy and potential energy. After revisiting the starter how to increase internal energy is discussed The different states of matter are review again but now in relation to internal energy with helpful graphics to support these points. How much energy in a substance is related to specific heat capacity which is typically covered earlier in the course so this provides a great opportunity to review of this topic. Lesson concludes with review questions. Lesson Objectives: - Explain what is meant by internal energy. - Identify and explain how you can increase internal energy. - Relate internal energy to properties of solids, liquids and gases. - Explain how particles in a gas exert a pressure.

New GCSE AQA Physics lesson on 'Alternating Current & Direct Current' written in line with new AQA Physics specification. Simple starter using images for pupils to work out what the lesson is about today. Pupils must then group a bunch of electrical devices, either DC or AC supply or both. The direction of flow of current is reviewed (although not entirely necessary but highlights some key physics). This leads to descriptions of DC and AC current flow. A class demo modelling a circuit using pupils as electric charge allows for a visual demonstration of AC and DC current. This can also allow for a teaching opportunity for frequency of AC current. Key wave properties are reviewed to help with analysis of AC waveform representations. Mains electricity at 230V and 50Hz is highlighted, being important to the specification. Peak potential difference is also discussed. The lesson concludes with a collection of review questions and also a question to review AC and DC current looking at slo-mo capture of lights. Lesson Objectives: 1) Identify AC and DC devices. 2) State and explain what is meant by direct current, DC. 3) State and explain what is meant by alternating current and relate to mains supply. 4) Determine period and frequency of an AC supply using diagrams. Also includes lesson on National Grid.

New GCSE AQA Physics lesson on ' Resolution of Forces' written in line with new AQA Physics specification. All questions provided with answers within power point. The starter provides some simple combination of forces questions to review the subject of resultant forces - one question has two forces acting on different planes which pupils will be unfamiliar with and therefore how to solve - this prompts the lesson. The intuitive resultant force and direction is highlighted but also how we need to calculate exactly what they are. The parallelogram/geometric method is taught step by step with a worked example, this is done a second time with another example but with the class prompted to follow it and do the same on their own paper which also allows for discussion of difference in results. A collection of questions allows pupils to practice use of this method. This method is then used for inclined planes to explain frictional force acting to put object in equilibrium on inclined planes. Review questions again allow pupils to practice this. Lesson Objectives: - Review resolving simple combination of forces. - Identify when forces are acting on different lines/planes. - Calculate the resultant force on an object which has equal forces acting on different lines/planes. - Calculate the resultant force on an object which has unequal forces acting on different lines/planes. A worksheet is not provided as it is best for pupils to work on their own paper to define their own scales for this methodology.

New GCSE AQA Physics lesson on 'Newtons Second Law - Force and Accerlation' written in line with new AQA Physics specification. Starter prompts pupils to discuss how there weight would vary on different planets, this is to set-up how weight is different to mass. Key terms Force, mass and acceleration are reviewed for clarity leading to the equation F=ma, the units, how it can be rearranged and then review questions to practice the use of. The equation is then reviewed in terms of proportionality as required by the AQA specification. Following this F=ma is related to W=mg to highlight that weight is a force and different to mass. This then leads to pupils calculating their mass on different planets - alternatively a task is provided to calculate the mass of a schoolbag on different planets. For higher tier pupils intertial mass is explained. Learning Objectives: - Clearly explain what force, mass and acceleration are. - Relate how mass and acceleration effect the size of a force. - Calculate the resultant force on an object by its mass and acceleration. - Explain the difference between weight and mass. - What is meant by inertia (Higher Tier)

New GCSE AQA Physics lesson on 'Electrical Power and potential difference' written in line with new AQA Physics specification. Starter looks at the power of different devices of very different orders of magnitude. Following this a quick activity looks at powers and conversion using Watts as the unit to convert - reviews nW, µW, mW, W, kW, MW, GW. The power and energy transferred equation is reviewed briefly through review questions. The equation for power using voltage and current is introduced and how to re-arrange it. Fuse ratings are discussed with appropriate choice of fuse rating highlighted. Energy transfer by heating in conductors/resistors is reviewed and then related to the Power equation using resistance and current. How to re-arrange this is shown in detail. The lesson concludes with a series of review questions and exam style questions. Lesson Objectives: 1) State a definition for power. 2) Calculate the power of an appliance by the energy transferred. 3) Relate potential difference and current to electrical power. 4) Identify appropriate fuse ratings for appliances. 5) Identify the uses of resistance in conductors and calculate power using resistance.

New GCSE AQA Physics lesson on 'Density, Mass and Volume' written in line with new AQA Physics specification. Lesson Outline: Nice simple starter asks pupils to list objects in order of density. Density is then clearly explained with visual effects to provide an example with a definition. Volume is also explained with comparative visuals. This lead to density being considered with volume and then both considered to produce mass - leading m=ρV. Some review questions practice the use of this equation. Pupils are tasked with finding the density of different objects provided by the teacher (simple shapes of common materials required). REQUIRED PRACTICAL 5 To continue the lesson the story of Archimedes and the gold crown is told featuring some key questioning for pupils. This then leads to pupils finding the density of irregular shaped objects by 'displacement technique' (REQUIRED PRACTICAL 5). To further extend pupil knowledge Archimedes principle of displacement is further explored with floating objects such as ships in water, icebergs and ice on water. Lesson Objectives: - State and explain the properties called volume, density and mass. - Use the density equation to calculate different properties of objects. - Describe in detail experiments to identify an objects density. - Explain how large objects such as ships float in water.

New GCSE AQA Physics lesson on 'State of Matter (Solids, Liquid and Gases)' written in line with new AQA Physics specification. Lesson Outline: Starter tasks pupils with drawing particle diagrams of different states of matter. Kinetic theory is review in details for each state of matter. Energy levels of each state of matter are discussed and compared. Students are given a task to act out the different states of matter to model them, this allows for discussion of key concepts that must be communicated and how well the models explain different phenomenon. Changes of states are reviewed to identify the different processes that can occur with change of state including sublimation. A simple experiment shows evaporation and condensation in action for pupils to observe. Evaporation, condensation and sublimation are then discussed in detail. Lesson concludes with review questions and a writing challenge. Lesson Objectives: - State key differences between solids, liquids and gases. - Identify properties of solids, liquids and gases. - Explain the energy differences between different states of matter. - Explain in detail the processes of evaporation and condensation.

New GCSE AQA Physics lesson on 'Energy and Power of Electrical Devices' written in line with new AQA Physics specification. Starter gets pupils discussing common electrical devices and the useful and wasteful energy transfers they make. To start looking at Power pupils discuss what power means for familiar figures. Main includes a clear description of what Power is in Physics and an explanation of the units. This lead onto clear example of using the equation and to a classroom activity looking at power rating of electrical devices and making energy transferred calculation from them. Included is a review of the power efficiency calculation with examples. A task sheet allows pupils practice use of the lessons knowledge. A final line of questioning draws on knowledge of previous topics to review and consolidate content. Lesson Objectives: 1) State and explain what power is and the unit for power. 2) Relate power ratings to different electrical devices. 3) Calculate power rating of electrical devices. 4) Calculate the energy used and wasted by devices and therefore their efficiency. Worksheet includes 'Energy & Power' task to be printed on one A4 sheet to save on printing. Set-up to print '2 pages per sheet' to produce one worksheet.

New GCSE AQA Physics lesson on 'Energy and Efficiency' written in line with new AQA Physics specification. The lesson can start with either a task to correct statements provided about energy or to discuss what happens to wasted energy. Different types of bulbs are shown through images which pupils are likely to have comes across, they are then prompted to discuss how they are different and why we use different ones, this lead to talking about efficiency. Useful and wasted energy are explained and related to context and energy flow diagrams previously used. Also a key explanation of what happens to wasted energy is given. Pupils must then identify whether particular energy changes are useful or wasteful for certain devices. Energy efficiency is detailed to students and then presented as 'units of energy' in a form similar to sankey diagrams (which are no longer required by AQA but can help students rationalise percentages). A class activity is outlined which requires groups of pupils to shown how energy is split by different devices and can help students visually see how portions of energy are distributed. Following this the energy equation is given which is then used by two sets of review questions. The lesson concludes with content for higher tier students which looks at ways energy waste can be reduced. Lesson Objectives: 1) Explain what is meant by useful and wasted energy. 2) Explain what eventually happens to wasted energy. 3) Calculate the energy efficiency of different appliances. 4) Detail how energy transfers can be made more efficient. (Higher tier only)

2 New GCSE AQA Physics lesson on 'Specific Heat Capacity' written in line with new AQA Physics specification. A choice of two starters, one ask pupils to put a series of fluids in order of which would boil first from the same heat source another poses questions on different volumes of water and boiling and placing hot objects above boiling temperature in water. A focus on words to inform what specific heat capacity means to help understand the equation and units is given to explain what it meant by specific heat capacity. Questions included for practice of using equation for exam to secure marks in exam. A link to video is provided with prepared questions for pupils to answer. Specific heat capacity is further detailed with illustrations and comparisons of different substances. The AQA required practical 1 is provided as part of the lesson (all be it a tricky practical due to likely limited resources for the class), different methodologies are provided (many link to different methods are also in the note box). A set of review questions and mini-plenary questions conclude the lesson along with an example exam question. Lesson Objectives: 1) State the relationship between energy, mass and temperature. 2) Explain how different materials affect the amount of energy required in temperature change. 3) Calculate the energy required to change an objects temperature. 4) Re-arrange the required equation appropriately.

New GCSE AQA Physics lesson on 'Melting and Boiling points of substances (changes in states)' written in line with new AQA Physics specification Lesson Outline: Starter uses 5 quick question to recap some prior content question some key concepts for the lesson. Pure substances are discussed using a visual game to recognise if a pure substance is being shown or not - leading to a key definition. Melting and boiling points are then highlighted and linked back to the previous changes of states illustration. Impurities in substances are then discussed to show the importance of pure substances in melting and boiling points. An experiment to acquire data on melting and boiling points of water is outlined which lead to plotting a change of state graph. An ideal change of state diagram then allows the teacher to discuss with the class trends and key points along the graph. Lesson Objectives: - Identify pure substances and mixtures. - Explain what is meant by melting point and boiling point of a substance.- - Compare and contrast boiling and evaporation. - Detail changes in state of substance using a graph.

New GCSE AQA Physics lesson on 'Cable and Plugs' written in line with new AQA Physics specification. For starter different plugs from the around the world can be put in bags to be passed around or a dismantled plug. Pupils are to guess what is in the bag. Following this pupils are to discuss why there are different types of plugs around the world which lead to discussion of the AC/DC war between Edison and Tesla (this part of the lesson can be easily removed if not suitable for the class). The anatomy of a plug is shown and explained in detail for all 3 wires, colours and function. Safe wiring of a plug is reviewed which leads to a class activity to wire plugs safely. Plug design is reviewed through questioning required properties of different plug parts and appropriate materials to each property required. How electrical devices can become live or how people can get electric shocks is reviewed and illustrated. The lesson concludes with a collection of review questions. Lesson Objectives: 1) Review AC/DC current and how it caused us to have different plugs. 2) Recall the different colour wires in a plug. 3) Relate different wires to their function. 4) Identify and explain the safety features of a plug.

New GCSE AQA Physics lesson on Forces and Braking written in line with new AQA Physics specification. All questions are provided with answer within the Power Point. Lesson starts by discussing the speed limit for vehicles against the maximum speeds vehicles can achieve. Stopping distances is explored by looking at different size vehicles going at the same velocity and then braking. Stopping distance is also reviewed against different velocities. Thinking distance and braking distance are highlighted and discussed with a class activity exploring the effects of different factors on thinking distance with higher or lower activity. A class activity is also provided to investigate pupils reaction time to relate to thinking distance. A quick review on resultant forces in relation to vehicles is explored through questioning, this leads to the physics of stopping vehicles through braking. This leads to an exploration of the physics of braking in terms of changes to energy stores and then also how to calculate braking force. Summary questions are provided on this topic to finish the lesson. Plenary poses the starting question again in light of new information pupils will now have. Lesson Objectives: - Evaluate different vehicle speeds for stopping distances - Explain what happens during braking of a vehicle. - Identify and explain what can effect the stopping distance of a vehicle. - Investigate how a drivers reaction time effect stopping distance. - Calculate the braking force of a required for moving vehicles.

New GCSE AQA Physics lesson on Impact Forces written in line with new AQA Physics specification. All questions provided with answers within power point. Starter 'Car Wars' looks at the test collision between an old and a new vehicle to stimulate discussion of collisions and safety - posing the question which car is safer and why? This is discussed and reviewed focusing on crumple zones and comparing how each car crumpled and why this is good (or for the old car, bad). Crumple zones, air bags and seat belts are detailed and discussed for common function - to increase impact time to decrease impact force. This concept is highlighted by exploring the physics mathematically. Review questions with answers are provided for the topic. Lesson Objectives: - Identify key safety features of vehicles to reduce impact force. - Explain how ‘impact time’ affects impact force. - Relate momentum to impact forces in collisions and explain how impact forces can be reduced in car collisions. - Calculate impact forces resulting from collisions.

New GCSE AQA Physics lesson on ' Electric Currents (charge) and energy transfer' written in line with new AQA Physics specification. The starter is in the style of the 'countdown conundrum' which is for some of the lessons key words. Questions review key electric current knowledge from earlier current electricity which is relevant to the lesson and also serves as a recap/revision opportunity. Key electrical current concepts are summarised. Current and charge are related together in an explanation and through the relevant equation with questions for pupils to complete using this. Energy in circuits is related to voltage supplied by a supply to electrical charge and how this will then deliver energy to components, this also offers the chance to review some circuit rules. The E = V x Q equation is explained leading to questions using the equation plus ohm's law and circuit rules. A collection of review questions and some exam style questions conclude the lesson. Lesson Objectives: 1) Review key content on electrical current. 2) Identify what a unit of charge is. 3) Perform calculations for energy transfer in circuits using p.d and charge. 4) Relate energy transfer by charge to different electrical components.