Revision notes for A-level Music (Pearson Edexcel) **Three pages ** To be printed A3 size RALPH VAUGHAN WILLIAMS: 'ON WENLOCK EDGE’ Three Mind Maps: ’1. ON WENLOCK EDGE’ ’3. IS MY TEAM PLOUGHING?' ’5. BREDON HILL’ Mind Map connections: Melody Harmony & Tonality Rhythm, Metre & Tempo Instrumentation Texture Structure

Revision notes for A-level Music (Pearson Edexcel) Three pages To be printed A3 size STRAVINSKY: 'THE RITE OF SPRING’ ’INTRODUCTION’ Melody Rhythm, Metre & Tempo Harmony & Tonality Texture Instrumentation ’THE AUGURS OF SPRING’ Melody Rhythm, Metre & Tempo Harmony & Tonality Texture Instrumentation ‘RITUAL OF ABDUCTION’ Melody Rhythm, Metre & Tempo Texture Harmony & Tonality

Revision notes for A-level Music (Pearson Edexcel) One page To be printed A3 size KAIJA SAARIAHO: 'PETALS FOR VIOLINCELLO AND LIVE ELECTRONICS’ Background information MIND MAP: Harmony & Tonality Instrumentation Melody Structure Texture Rhythm, Metre & Tempo

Revision notes for A-level Music (Pearson Edexcel) One page To be printed A3 size KATE BUSH: 'HOUNDS OF LOVE’ MIND MAP: ‘Cloudbusting’ ‘And dream of sheep’ ‘Under ice’ Mind map connections: Harmony & Tonality Texture Rhythm, Metre & Tempo Structure Instrumentation Melody

Revision notes for A-level Music (Pearson Edexcel) One Page To be printed A3 size COURTEY PINE: 'BACK IN THE DAY’ ‘Inner state (of mind)’ ‘Lady Day and (John Coltrane)’ ‘Love and affection’ Mind map connections: Melody Harmony and Tonality Texture Structure Instrumentation Rhythm, Metre & Tempo

Revision notes for A-level Music (Pearson Edexcel) One Page To be printed A3 size THE BEATLES: 'REVOLVER’ **MIND MAP: ** **'Eleanor Rigby'** **'Here, there and everywhere'** ** 'I want to tell you'** ** 'Tomorrow never knows'** Mind map connections: Melody Harmony & Tonality Instrumentation Texture Rhythm, Metre & Tempo

Pearson Edxcel A-level Music Two pages To be printed A3 size JS BACH - 'CANTATA, EIN FESTE BURG, BWV 80: MOVEMENTS 1,2 8’ Mind map: 'Movement 1’ Mind map connections: Melody Harmony & Tonality Instrumentation Structure Rhythm, Metre & Tempo Texture Mind map: 'Movement 2’ Mind map connections: Harmony Instrumentation Melody Structure Rhythm, Metre & Tempo Texture Notes on 'Movement 8’

Revision notes for A-level Music (Pearson Edexcel) One page To be printed A3 size CLARA WIECK-SCHUMANN - 'PIANO TRIO IN G MINOR, OP. 17: MOVEMENT 1 Mind Map connections: Harmony & Tonality Rhythm, Metre & Tempo Texture Instrumentation Melody Structure

Revision notes for A-level Music (Pearson Edexcel) One page To be printed A3 size Bernard Herrmann - 'Psycho’ Mind Map 'Prelude' 'The City' 'Marion' 'The Murder (Shower Scene)' 'The Toys' 'The Cellar' 'Discovery' 'Finale' Connections include: Rhythm, Metre & Tempo Melody Harmony & Tonality Instrumentation Texture

Revision Notes for A-level Music (Pearson Edexcel) Two pages To be printed A3 size DEBUSSY - 'LA SOIREE DANS GRENADE’ Background notes Harmony & Tonality Rhythm, Metre & Tempo Instrumentation DEBUSSY - 'PAGODES’ Background notes Impressionist features in 'Estampes' (notes) Harmony & Tonality Melody Texture Instrumentation Rhythm, Metre & Tempo Structure

Revision notes for A-level Music (Pearson Edexcel ) Two pages To be printed A3 size ELFMAN - ‘BATMAN RETURNS’ Birth of a Penguin Part I Birth of a Penguin Part II Batman vs the Circus The Rise and Fall from Grace Mind map connections: * Melody * Texture * Instrumentation * Rhythm * Harmony & Tonality * Metre & Tempo

Revision notes for A-level Music (Pearson Edexcel ) Two pages To be printed A3 size BERLIOZ - 'SYMPHONIE FANTASTIQUE’ Background notes Mind Map (‘Introduction’): Melody Texture Instrumentation Harmony & Tonality Rhythm, Metre & Tempo Mind Map (‘Sonata Form’): Melody Instrumentation Harmony & Tonality Rhythm, Metre & Tempo

Revision notes for A-level Religious Studies (OCR) Three pages KANTIAN ETHICS Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) • Summum Bonum • 3 Postulates • Goodwill • Categorical Imperative: (MUST) • Hypothetical Imperative: (IF…THEN) • Ought • Reason: • Duty: • 3 Maxims Table comparing STRENGTHS and WEAKNESSES

Revision notes for A-level Music (Pearson Edexcel) Three pages ANOUSHKA SHANKAR "BURN" Mind Map Instrumentation Melody Rhythm, Metre and Tempo Harmony and Tonality Texture "EASY" Mind Map Instrumentation Melody Rhythm, Metre and Tempo Harmony and Tonality Texture "BREATHING UNDER WATER" Mind Map Instrumentation Melody Rhythm, Metre and Tempo Harmony and Tonality Texture

Revision notes for A-level Religious Studies (OCR) Seven pages RELIGION + ETHICS Normative Ethical Theories NATURAL LAW Roman Catholic approach Intrinsic values Bentham “Nonsense on stilts” Cicero “One eternal law" ARISTOTLE ‘Eudaimonia’ Afterlife THOMAS AQUINAS ‘Beatific vision’ Human purpose Four Tiers of Law: Eternal Law Divine Law Natural Law HUMAN LAW Precepts ‘Rule of synderesis’ Five primary precepts ‘Lex’ & ‘ius’ Real good Apparent good ‘Principle of double effect’ Four conditions required in principle Strengths & weaknesses Just War theory Seven virtues Deontological secondary precepts STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES Objective Relativism Rational Conflicting rules JOHN FINNIS Seven basic goods UTILITARIANISM JEREMY BENTHAM Hedonism “Two sovereign masters” Pleasure is sole good, pain sole evil Principle of utility Hedonic calculus Fecundity Purity Act utilitarianism Strengths & weaknesses JOHN STUART MILL Higher and lower pleasures Rule utilitarianism PETER SINGER Preference utilitarianism SITUATION ETHICS WILLIAM TEMPLE Four types on love in the Bible EROS STORGE PHILIA = AGAPE Jesus at Last Supper More loving outcome Jesus’ actions JOSEPH FLETCHER Bioethics God’s rules should not always be followed 'Law of love’ ‘Himself Might his Quietus Make’ ‘Special Bombing Mission No. 13’ ‘Christian Cloak and Dagger’ Loving neighbour = loving God Ten Commandments Greatest Commandment RUDOLF BULTMANN 'Love thy neighbour’ Three ways of making moral decisions: Legalistic ethics Antinomian ethics Situation ethics Six Fundamental Principles Ruling norm of Christian decision Only the end justifies the means Four Working Principles Pragmatism Relativism Positivism Personalism Conscience as a verb RELIGIOUS vs NON-RELIGIOUS AB William Temple Pius XII condemned SE as sacrilegious Jesus’ agape inspired SE STRENGTHS & WEAKNESSES Subjectivity Too individualistic Consistent with the gospel Disregards divine command theory Universal appeal Religious vs secular Altruism Truly selfless acts “Situationism is a method” Reality

Revision notes for A-level Religious Studies (OCR) Four pages ETHICAL LANGUAGE – META-ETHICS Definition Do mind-independent moral properties exist? Moral realism Moral anti-realism Cognitivism True/false statements Non-cognitivism Grounding problem NATURALISM Cognitivist + realist Fixed absolutes F.H. BRADLEY Concrete absolute reality Moral perspective Self-realisation Observation Criticism DAVID HUME Empiricist challenge Reason vs emotion Moral good + evil Hume’s Law Moral ‘ought’ statements Factual ‘is’ statements Non-cognitive vs cognitive PHILIPPA FOOT Virtue ethics Moral rules ‘Natural goodness’ J.L. MACKIE Anti-realism Moral rules Tradition Variations between cultures STRENGTHS & WEAKNESSES Moral nihilism Verification Tautologies Open question argument Non-moral property INTUITIONISM G.E. MOORE NON-NATURALISM Intuition Intrinsic good Non-natural property Naturalistic fallacy Closed vs open questions H.A. PRICHARD Moral obligations Duty Moral vocabulary W.D. ROSS Conflicting duties Prima facie duties Overriding obligation Seven foundational prima facie duties STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES Argument from queerness Cultural relativism EMOTIVISM Approval vs disapproval DAVID HUME MORAL JUDGEMENTS MOTIVATE ACTION HUME’S FORK A.J. AYER Three kinds of knowledge ANALYTIC JUDGEMENTS SYNTHETIC JUDGEMENTS MORAL JUDGEMENTS Judgements of value Utterances of preference C.L. STEVENSON Attitude relative to fundamental belief Persuasion Approval/disapproval STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES Quantify goodness/pleasure Foot’s moral realism Moral diversity Moral nihilism Changing moral views Moral progress Embedding problem Key issues: What is meant by ‘good’ Meaningful vs meaningless

Revision notes for A-level Religious Studies (OCR) Two pages RELIGION + ETHICS – CONSCIENCE AQUINAS’ THEOLOGICAL APPROACH ‘Reason making right decisions’ Ratio Aristotle’s SENSITIVE SOUL Synderesis Conscientia Vincible ignorance Invincible ignorance FREUD’S PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH Human psyche Unconscious mind Preconscious mind Conscious mind Tripartite personality: Id Ego Superego Other religious responses: JOSEPH BUTLER Innate God-given morality JOHN HENRY NEWMAN: Voice of God AUGUSTINE Intuitive, less rationalist Secular responses: JEAN PIAGET Mature + immature conscience Two stages of moral development Heteronomous morality Autonomous morality LAWRENCE KOHLBERG Authority figures Social interaction ERICH FROMM External authorities Guilty conscience Authoritarian conscience Humanistic conscience Modern responses: RICHARD DAWKINS Evolution Is conscience real? Romans 2 ‘Lust to be nice’ Product of nurture

Revision notes for A-level Religious Studies (OCR) Seven pages APPLIED ETHICS CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY Examples of CSR: Gates Foundation M&S f Merck & Co Amazon MILTON FRIEDMAN Friedman Doctrine 'Hypocritical window dressing’ Greenwashing Coca-Cola’s Giving Pledge KANTIAN ETHICS Goodwill Universalisability Formula of the End in Itself UTILITARIANISM Act Utilitarianism Bentham Natural rights “nonsense on stilts” Rule Utilitarianism Preference Utilitarianism Evaluation GLOBALISATION Interconnectedness Issues Loss, abuse, damage and inequality KANTIAN ETHICS Capitalism UTILITARIANISM Objective empirical approach Voluntary diversification Evaluation **GOOD ETHICS IS GOOD BUSINESS ** Duty to be honest FRIEDMAN Mill’s harm principle Singer’s strong principle ADAM SMITH Self-interest KARL MARX Instability in capitalism Exploiting labour KANTIAN ETHICS Self-satisfaction instead UTILITARIANISM Pursuit of lower pleasures Evaluation EUTHANASIA Should ‘good death’ be universally permitted? SANCTITY OF LIFE Human life made in God’s image Genesis 1 Catholic DECLARATION ON EUTHANASIA Natural Law’s preservation of life Doctrine of double effect PIUS XII Secondary effect of medicines Dignity of the human person Technological abuse Criticism of SofL DANIEL MAGUIRE PETER SINGER Value to community also RONALD DWORKIN Affirming life QUALITY OF LIFE Secular concept Case studies: DANIEL JAMES TONY NICKLINSON Personhood GERMAIN GRISEZ Criticisms of QofL ‘Playing God’ Consent VOLUNTARY EUTHANASIA GREGORY PENCE Autonomy NON-VOLUNTARY EUTHANASIA Persistent vegetative state PERSONAL AUTONOMY Self-determination Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms J.S MILL Individual is sovereign 'Harm principle’ Criticisms One’s life is of value to others Depression MEDICAL + NON-MEDICAL INTERVENTION Difference between ‘killing’ + ‘letting die’ Morally equivalent, equal responsibility Active or passive? JAMES RACHELS HELGA KUHSE Nazi Germany Conclusion APPLICATION OF ETHICAL THEORIES TO EUTHANASIA NATURAL LAW Doctrine of double effect c Precept of preservation of life Value of life Prevents achieving telos Secular societies What is ‘natural’? Blurred distinction SITUATION ETHICS Agape Personalism Pragmatism Positivism Relativism